Chapter 1.1 Weather Flashcards
Some instruments used to measure the weather are;
thermometers, barometers, wind vanes, anemometers and rain guages set up in as Stevenson screen.
Other methods of measuring weather include;
radiosonde balloons, aircraft, ships and satellites.
An anemometer is an instrument that measures
wind speeds
A barometer is an instrument that measures
air pressure in millibars.
A thermometer is an instrument that is filled with
alcohol that allows readings to be taken of the temperature.
A weather station is a
site where instruments are set up to measure various elements of the weather
A weather station circle is a
drawn circle that is surrounded by various symbols representing the weather.
A synoptic chart is an map of an area showing
isobars, fronts and pressure systems from which weather forecasts can be made
In a weather symbol this means:
,
Drizzle
In weather symbols this means:
Rain Shower
In weather symbols this means;
.
Rain
In weather symbols this means
*
Snow
In weather symbols this means
Hail
In weather symbols this means
Thunder-storm
In weather symbols this means
Heavy rain
In weather symbols this means
Very heavy rain
In weather symbols this means
Sleet
In weather symbols this means
Snow shower
In weather symbols this means
mist
In weather symbols this means
fog
In weather symbols this means
clear sky
In weather symbols this means
one okta of cloud cover
In weather symbols this means
2 oktas of cloud cover
In weather symbols this means
three oktas of cloud cover
In weather symbols this means
four oktas of cloud cover
In weather symbols this means
five oktas of cloud cover
In weather symbols this means
six oktas of cloud cover
In weather symbols this means
seven oktas of cloud cover
In weather symbols this means
eight oktas of cloud cover
In weather symbols this means
sky obscured
In weather symbols this means
the wind speed is calm
In weather symbols this means
The wind speed is 1-2 knots
In weather symbols this means
The wind speed is 5 knots
In weather symbols this means
The wind speed is 10 knots
In weather symbols this means
The wind speed is 15 knots
In weather symbols this means
The wind speed is 20 knots
In weather symbols this means
The wind speed is 50 knots or more
Latitude - The higher the latitute of a country of region,
the colder the weather generally tends to be during all four seasons.
Distance from sea - Countries and areas that lie further from the sea tend to have
drier climates as a result Britain which is surrounded by sea has a wet climate.
Air masses - Britian is affected by 5 different air masses and these are:
Polar maritime, Arctic maritime, polar continental, tropical maritime and tropical continental.
The Polar Maritime air mass orginates from and brings
The North Atlantic Ocean and brings rainy and cool weather all year.
The Arctic Maritime air mass orginates from and brings
The Arctic Ocean and brings Rain in the Summer and very cold temperatures and snow during winter.
The Polar Continental air mass orginates from and brings
Central Europe and Asia and brings Dry and warm weather during the Summer and very cold weather in the winter
The Tropical Continental air mass orginates from and brings
North Africa and brings Dry and hot weather
The Tropical Maritime air mass orginates from and brings
Atlantic ocean and brings rainy and mild weather
A depression is a
low pressure system
There are five parts to a depression and in order they are:
Cold Sector, Warm front, Warm sector, Cold front and Cold Sector
At the cold sector it is
dry with a few cirrus and altostratus clouds. Winds are South Easterly and air pressure is falling
At the warm front there is
steady rain, it is slightly warmer and the clouds are low and thick. Air pressure is still falling.
At the warm sector the
rain turns to drizzle or it may even be dry. It is slightly warmer and the sky clears with a few stratus clouds. Winds are coming from a South Westerly direction and the pressure stops falling.
At the cold front there is
heavy rain, colder temperatures, large dark cumilonimbus clouds with the possibility of thunder.
At the cold sector the
rain eases off and it is still cold. There are fewer clouds, North Westerly winds and the pressure starts rising.
An anticylcone is an are of
high pressure.
During Summer an anticylone will bring
Dry and hot weather. There will be light winds and bright sunshine. During the morning there will be mist and the occasional thunderstorm. It brings settled weather.
During the winter an anticylone will bring
dry and very cold weather. Winds will be light and there will be bright sunshine. At night there will be frosts and during the morning fog. It brings settles weather
