Chapter 11 - Water Flashcards
An aquifer is:
A) An underground river
B) A rock stratum that has been compacted and cemented so that it has little porosity
C) A highly permeable stratum that is saturated with ground water (or petroleum)
D) A stratum rich in fossils
E) A type of petroleum trap
C) A highly permeable stratum that is saturated with ground water (or petroleum)
If a river has formed a delta where it enters a large body of water such as an ocean, where did most of the sediment come from to build the delta?
A) Ocean currents
B) The hilly (or mountainous) headlands of the drainage basin
C) Just upstream from the delta
D) Equally all along the river system
E) All of the above
E) All of the above
Most caverns and caves (other than coastal features), are the result of _______.
A) Groundwater solution of limestone
B) Groundwater solution of sandstone
C) Groundwater solution of any type of rock
D) Strange lava flows
E) Earthquake damage
A) Groundwater solution of limestone
Which is responsible for most of the erosion of continental rock material? A) Stream systems B) Glaciers C) Ocean waves D) Groundwater E) They are all about equal
E) They are all about equal
Karst topography is the name given to
A) Coastal scenery dominated by high cliffs and sleep-sided valleys
B) Coastal scenery dominated by long beaches and small cliffs
C) Mountain scenery dominated by horn mountains and cirques
D) Mountain scenery dominated by long straight ridges and valleys
E) Hilly scenery dominated by sink holes
E) Hilly scenery dominated by sink holes
The migration of stream meanders is responsible for which of the following landforms? A) Stacks B) Oxbow lakes C) Speleothems D) Levees E) Fjords
B) Oxbow lakes
Which of the following lists of features is (or can be) the result of longshore drift?
A) Spits, baymouth bars, stalactites, and levees
B) Spits, baymouth bars, sea caves, estuaries, and stacks
C) Lagoons, baymouth bars, spits, barrier islands, and sea caves
D) Lagoons, spits, baymouth bars, and beaches
E) Beaches, spits, lagoons, and off-shore bars
B) Spits, baymouth bars, sea caves, estuaries, and stacks
Incised meanders can result when a river system _______.
A) Is forced to increase dramatically in its flow velocity
B) Suddenly is forced to increase in its rate of down-cutting
C) Undergoes a drop in its base level
D) Undergoes a rise in its base level
E) All of a, b, and c
E) All of a, b, and c
The topography/scenery both within a continent and along its shoreline develops and evolves as a result of which of the following processes?
A) Geological uplift, coastal emergence, coastal submerge nice, and thrust faulting due to plate collision
B) Geological uplift, coastal emergence, the melting of ice at the end of a glacial age, the build up of glaciers during an ice age, and thrust faulting due to plate collision
C) Geological uplift and thrust faulting e to plate collision
D) Geological uplift, a change in climate caused by an increase in CO2 released by volcanoes
E) A change in climate caused by the change in eccentricity of Earth’s orbit around the sun
B) Geological uplift, coastal submerge nice, the melting of ice at the end of a glacial age, the buildup of glaciers during an ice age, and thrust faulting due to plate collision
Petroleum, like most groundwater, occurs underground _______.
A) In pools, lakes, and underground rivers
B) Confined/or flows within the pore spaces of porous rocks
C) Confined/or flows within faults and cracks
D) All and any of a, b, and c
E) Either and both b and c only
E) Either and both b and c only
Which of the following words refer to coastal features? A) Oxbow B) Oxbow, spit, and estuary C) Spit, stack, and estuary D) Stalagmite and firm E) Stack and estuary
C) Spit, stack, and estuary
The groundwater table is described by which of the following statements?
A) A level below which rock is wet
B) A level below which the rock is fully saturated
C) A level below which rock is wet and is always at depth below the surface
D) A level below which the rock is fully saturated and locally can interest the topographic surface
D) A level below which the rock is fully saturated and locally can interest the topographic surface
The groundwater table surface has a configuration _______.
A) The opposite of topography with high areas under valleys and low areas under hills
B) Almost perfectly parallel to topography
C) That is a subdued match for topography, but without as much variation in elevation
D) That is almost perfectly flat
E) With random and unpredictable variations in elevation
C) That is subdued match for topography, but without as much variation in elevation
Glaciers are defined as _______.
A) Bodies of ice
B) Bodies of flowing ice
C) Bodies of ice large enough to cover a continent
D) Bodies of ice that fill mountain valleys
E) Any of the above will do
E) Any of the above will do
Which of the following features or phenomena are caused by groundwater?
A) Karst topography and Estuaries
B) Karst topography, natural levees, and abyssal plains
C) Caverns and caves, Lithification of sand to produce sandstone, and abyssal plains
D) Karst topography, caverns and caves, lithification of sand to produce sandstone, and hot springs and geysers
E) Lithification of sand to produce sandstone, pillow structure, hot springs and geysers, and abyssal plains
D) Karst topography, caverns and caves, lithification of sand to produce sandstone, and hot springs and geysers
