Chapter 11 - Vestibular Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the otolithic organs? What do they detect?

A
  • utricle, saccule
  • detect linear acceleration of head and Head tilt: gravity is a linear accelerator —> otoliths detect tilt of head relative to gravity
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2
Q

What do semicircular canals detect?

A

Angular acceleration of head and head rotation

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3
Q

How does vestibular hair cell transduction work?

A

Movement of Stereocilia toward the kinocilium opens mechanically gated channels and depolarized cell

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4
Q

Where are vestibular hair cells located?

A

In the utricle and the saccule and in three jug like swellings called ampullae in the base of the semicircular canals

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5
Q

What is the composition of the otolithic membrane?

A

Otoconia and hair bundles located in a gelatinous layer

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6
Q

What is the macula? What is its composition?

A

Sensory epithelium. Consists of hair cells and supporting cells

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7
Q

Explain the shearing motion

A

Otolithic membrane is heavier than fluids around it. Therefore there is a shearing motion which causes displacement of hair cell bundles and a potential in hair cell

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8
Q

Explain what happens between the otolithic membrane and the sensory epithelium during linear acceleration

A

Also a shearing motion due to the greater mass of the otolithic membrane. This causes it to temporarily lag behind sensory epithelium leading to transient displacement of hair cell bundle

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9
Q

What can you say about hair cells on opposite sides of the striola?

A

They have opposing directional polarities

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10
Q

What are the utricle and saccule mainly concerned with respectively?

A

Utricle: motion in horizontal plane
Saccule: motion in vertical plane

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11
Q

What is at the base of each semicircular canal?

A

Ampulla

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12
Q

WhAt is the composition of the ampulla?

A

The sensory epithelium called the crista that contains hair cells

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13
Q

What do you call the gelatinous mass into which the hair bundles extend?

A

Cupula

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14
Q

what happens to the cupula during angular acceleration?

A

It is distorted by endolymphatic fluid. The inertia of the endolymph produces a force across the cupula moving it away from the direction of head movement causing displacement of hair bundles

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