Chaoter 7 - Organization Of The Nervous System

Question 1

What is contained by the dorsal root?

Answer 1

(Afferents) somatic and visceral sensory

Question 2

What is the DRG? What is in it?

Answer 2

Dorsal Root Ganglia

Contains somas of sensory afferents

Question 3

What is contained by the ventral root?

Answer 3

Somatic and visceral motor (efferents)

Question 4

How many cranial nerves inner are the brain?

Cite 2 examples

Answer 4

12

• olfactory
• optic

Question 5

What are meninges? Name them

Answer 5

Membranes protecting the brain from the skull.

Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane
Pia mater

Question 6

What is in the subarachnoid space?

Answer 6

• cerebrospinal fluid CSF

- Blood vessels

Question 7

What are ventricles?

Answer 7

Cerebrospinal fluid-filled caverns and canals inside brain

Question 8

What produces the CSF?

Answer 8

choroid plexus

Question 9

How does the CNS form?

Answer 9

It forms from the walls of the fluid-filled neural tube.

Question 10

What constitutes the neural tube?

Answer 10

A ventricular system with 3 sections: Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

Question 11

What is differentiation?

Answer 11

Process by which structure become complex or specialized.

Question 12

What ventricle is the diencephalon?

Answer 12

Third ventricle

Question 13

What ventricle is the telencephalon?

Answer 13

Lateral ventricles

Question 14

What is anterior vs posterior tube failure?

Answer 14

Anterior - Anencephaly

Posterior - Spina Bifida

Question 15

What is the thalamus?

Answer 15

It is the gateway to the cerebral cortex.

Question 16

What is the internal capsule?

Answer 16

Between thalamus and cerebral cortex.

Question 17

What does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 17

Controls Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), endocrine system, drinking feeding

Question 18

What are the main pets of the midbrain?

Answer 18

• Descending axons: contains axons descending from cerebral cortex to brain stem and spinal cord, motor systems
• ascending axons: information conduit from spinal cord and brain stem to forebrain, sensory systems.
• Tectum
• Tegmentum

Question 19

What is in the tectum?

Answer 19

• Superior colliculus (receives sensory info from eye)

- Inferior colliculus (received sensory info from ear)

Question 20

What is in the tegmentum?

Answer 20

• Substantia nigra (part of basal ganglia)

- Red nucleus (control of voluntary movement, Rubrospinal tract)

Question 21

What is the structure of the Hindbrain? Functions for each part?

Answer 21

• Pons: pontine nuclei receive inputs from corticospinal axons
• Cerebellum: coordination of movements
• Corticospinal fibers: continue toward spinal cord in the medullary pyramids

Question 22

What is Subdural Hematoma?

Answer 22

Blood accumulating under pia mater, causing pressure.

Question 23

What is choroid plexus?

Answer 23

Specialized ependymal cells surrounding capillaries in ventricles that produce CSF.

Question 24

What do you call the forebrain?

Answer 24

Prosencephalon

Question 25

What do you call the midbrain?

Answer 25

Mesencephalon

Question 26

What do you call the hindbrain?

Answer 26

Rhombencephalon