Chaoter 7 - Organization Of The Nervous System Flashcards
What is contained by the dorsal root?
(Afferents) somatic and visceral sensory
What is the DRG? What is in it?
Dorsal Root Ganglia
Contains somas of sensory afferents
What is contained by the ventral root?
Somatic and visceral motor (efferents)
How many cranial nerves inner are the brain?
Cite 2 examples
12
- olfactory
- optic
What are meninges? Name them
Membranes protecting the brain from the skull.
Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane
Pia mater
What is in the subarachnoid space?
- cerebrospinal fluid CSF
- Blood vessels
What are ventricles?
Cerebrospinal fluid-filled caverns and canals inside brain
What produces the CSF?
choroid plexus
How does the CNS form?
It forms from the walls of the fluid-filled neural tube.
What constitutes the neural tube?
A ventricular system with 3 sections: Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
What is differentiation?
Process by which structure become complex or specialized.
What ventricle is the diencephalon?
Third ventricle
What ventricle is the telencephalon?
Lateral ventricles
What is anterior vs posterior tube failure?
Anterior - Anencephaly
Posterior - Spina Bifida
What is the thalamus?
It is the gateway to the cerebral cortex.
What is the internal capsule?
Between thalamus and cerebral cortex.
What does the hypothalamus do?
Controls Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), endocrine system, drinking feeding
What are the main pets of the midbrain?
- Descending axons: contains axons descending from cerebral cortex to brain stem and spinal cord, motor systems
- ascending axons: information conduit from spinal cord and brain stem to forebrain, sensory systems.
- Tectum
- Tegmentum
What is in the tectum?
- Superior colliculus (receives sensory info from eye)
- Inferior colliculus (received sensory info from ear)
What is in the tegmentum?
- Substantia nigra (part of basal ganglia)
- Red nucleus (control of voluntary movement, Rubrospinal tract)
What is the structure of the Hindbrain? Functions for each part?
- Pons: pontine nuclei receive inputs from corticospinal axons
- Cerebellum: coordination of movements
- Corticospinal fibers: continue toward spinal cord in the medullary pyramids
What is Subdural Hematoma?
Blood accumulating under pia mater, causing pressure.
What is choroid plexus?
Specialized ependymal cells surrounding capillaries in ventricles that produce CSF.
What do you call the forebrain?
Prosencephalon
What do you call the midbrain?
Mesencephalon
What do you call the hindbrain?
Rhombencephalon
