Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human A&P I > Chapter 11: The Muscular System > Flashcards

Chapter 11: The Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

The stationary end of a muscle (Usually Proximal). Some muscles have more than one of these.

A

Origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The moving end of a muscle. (Usually Distal). Some muscles have more than one of these, but most have only one.

A

Insertion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The portion of a muscle between the origin and insertion.

A

Belly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Skeletal muscle fibers are arranged within the muscle in bundles called ___.

A

fasciculi (Singular: fasciculus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fasciculi are parallel with longitudinal axis of muscle and terminate at either end in flat tendons.

A

Parallel arrangement of fasciculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fasciculi are nearly parallel with longitudinal axis of muscle and muscle bulges in the middle.

A

fusiform arrangement of fasciculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Muscle fasciculi are short in relation to muscle length and resemble a feather.

A

pennate arrangement of fasciculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type of pennate arrangement: fasciculi are arranged on only one side of tendon (like a feather with pinnae only along one side)

A

unipennate arrangement of fasciculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Type of Pennate arrangement: fasciculi are arranged on both sides of a centrally positioned tendon. (like a feather)

A

bipennate arrangement of fasciculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Type of pennate arrangement; fasciculi attach obliquely from many directions to several tendons.

A

multipennate arrangement of fasciculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Direction of Muscle Fibers!

The Fibers run parallel to the midline .

A

Rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Direction of Muscle fiber!

the fibers run perpendicular to the midline .

A

Transverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Direction of muscle fibers

the fibers run diagonally to the midline

A

Oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A characteristic of muscle that is based on a structure near to which a muscle is found. (Ex: a muscle near the frontal bone in the skull - Frontal)

A

Location!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A characteristic of muslce based on the relative size of the msucle.

A

size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Means that it is the largest.

A

Maximus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Means that the muscle is the smallest

A

Minimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Means that the muscle is the longest

A

Longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Means that the muscle is short

A

Brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Two Origins

A

biceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Means that the muscle has three origins

A

Triceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Means that the muscle has four orgins.

A

Quadriceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Triangular - Shaped .

A

Deltoid .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Shaped like a Trapezoid.

A

Trapezius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Saw- Toothed

A

Serratus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Diamond Shaped.

A

Rhomboideus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Muscle that originates on sternum and clavicle and inserts on mastoid process of temporal bone.

A

Sternocleidomastoid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Muscle that originates on styloid process of temporal bone and inserts on hyoid bone.

A

Stylohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

An action of muscle that decreases the angle.

A

Flexor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

An action that increases the angle at a joint.

A

Extensor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Moves a bone away from the midline.

A

Abductor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Moves a bone closer to the midline.

A

Adductor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Produces an upward movement.

A

Levator.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Produces a downward movement.

A

Depressor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Turns the palm upward or anteriorly.

A

Supinator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Turns the palm downward or posteriorly.

A

Pronator.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Decreases the size of an opening.

A

Sphincter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Makes a body part more rigid.

A

Tensor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Moves a bone around its longitudinal axis.

A

Rotator.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

(Facial) Draws scalp forward, raises eyebrows, and wrinkles skin of forehead horizontally.

A

Frontalis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

[Facial] - draws scalp backwards.

A

Occipitalis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

[Facial] - closes lips, compresses lips against teeth, protrudes lips, and shapes lips during speech.

A

Orbicularis oris.

43
Q

[Facial] draws angle of mouth upward and outward as in smiling or laughing.

A

Zygomaticus.

44
Q

[Facial] major cheek muscle - compresses cheek as in blowing air out of mouth.

A

Buccinator

45
Q

[Facial] closes eye.

A

Orbicularis Oculi

46
Q

[Lower Jaw] - elevates mandible as in closing mouth, assists in side to side movement or mendible, and protrudes mandible.

A

Masseter.

47
Q

[Lower Jaw] - Elevates and retracts mandible and assists in side to side movement of mandible.

A

Temporalis

48
Q

[Head] - contraction of both muscles draws the head forward. Contracting of one muscle rotates face toward same side as the contracting muscle.

A

Sternocleidomastoid.

49
Q

[Abdmonial Wall] Compresses abdomen to aid in defecation, urination, forced expiration, and childbirth.

A

Rectus abdominis

50
Q

Contraction of both muscles compresses abdomen; contraction of one side alone bends vertebral column laterally.

A

External oblique.

51
Q

[Abdominal Wall] Compresses abdomen, contraction of one side along bends vetebral column laterally.

A

Internal oblique

52
Q

[Abdominal Wall] Compresses Abdomen.

A

Transversus abdominis.

53
Q

[Shoulder girdle] rotates scapula upward and laterally and elevates ribs.

A

Serratus anterior.

54
Q

[Shoulder Girdle]] Elevates clavicle, adducts scapula, rotates scapula upward.

A

Trapezius

55
Q

[Humerus] Flexes, adducts, and rotates arm medially.

A

Pectoralis

56
Q

[Humerus] - extends, adducts, and rotates arm medially; draws arm downward and backward.

A

Latissumus dorsi

57
Q

[Scapular] - abducts, flexes, extends, and medially and laterally rotates arm.

A

Deltoid.

58
Q

[Scapular] extends arm, assists in adduction and medial rotation of arm.

A

Teres Major

59
Q

[Scapular] Rotates arm laterally, extends and adducts the arm

A

Teres minor

60
Q

[Scapular] flexes and adducts arm

A

Coracobrachialis

61
Q

[Forearm] flexes and supinates the forearm; flexes arm

A

Biceps brachi

62
Q

Flexes forearm

A

Brachialis

63
Q

Flexes forearm; assists in supinating and pronating the forearm,

A

Brachioradialis

64
Q

(Extensor) Extends forearm; extends arm

A

Triceps brachi

65
Q

(Extensors) Extends forearm ;

A

Anconeus

66
Q

[Wirst, hand, and fingers] flexes and abducts wrist.

A

Flexor carpi radialis

67
Q

Felxes Wrist

A

Palmaris longus

68
Q

flexes and adducts wrist

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

69
Q

[Anterior, Deep, Wrist, Hand, fingers] flexes distal phalanges of each finger.

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

70
Q

[Anterior, Deep, Wrist, Hand, Finger] flexes thumb

A

Flexor pollicus longus

71
Q

[Posterior, Superficial, Wrist, Hand, Finger] extends and abducts wrist.

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus

72
Q

[Posterior, superficial] extends and abducts wrist

A

Extensor Carpi radialis brevis

73
Q

[Posterior, Superficial] Extends phalanges

A

Extensor digitorum

74
Q

[Posterior Superficial] extends and adducts wrist

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

75
Q

[Posterior, Deep] Extends thumb and abducts wrist

A

Abductor pollicis longus

76
Q

[Posterior, Deep] Extends index finger.

A

Extensor indicis

77
Q

[Thigh] Extends and rotates thigh laterally

A

Gluteus Maximus

78
Q

Abducts and rotates thigh mediallly

A

glutues medius

79
Q

Rotates thigh laterally and abducts it.

A

Tensor fasciae latae

80
Q

Adducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh.

A

Adductor longus

81
Q

Adducts, flexes, medially rotates, and extends thigh.

A

Adductor magnus

82
Q

[Leg], Medial compartment] Adducts thigh, and flexes leg

A

Adductor magnus

83
Q

[Medial Comp.] adducts thigh and flexes leg.

A

Gracilis

84
Q

[Medial comp.] extends leg and flexes thigh.

A

Rectus Femoris

85
Q

[Leg, Medial Comp.] Extends leg and flexes thigh.

A
  1. Vastus lateralis
  2. Vastus medialis
86
Q

[Leg, Medial Comp] flexes leg, flexes thigh, and rotates it laterally, thus crossing the leg.

A

Santorius

87
Q

[Hamstrings] Flexes leg, extends thigh.

A
  1. Biceps femoris
  2. Semitendinosus
  3. Semimembranosus
88
Q

[Foot and Toes, Anterior Comp] Dorsiflexes [heel down, toe up] and inverts [rotates medially] the foot.

A

Tibialis anterior

89
Q

[Foot and Toes, Anterior Comp] Dorsiflexes (heel down, toe up) and inverts (rotates medially) foots, and extends great toe.

A

Extensor hallucis longus

90
Q

[Foot, Toes, Anterior Comp] Dorsiflexes (heel down, toe up) & everts (rotates laterally) foot, and extends toes.

A

Extensor digitorum longus

91
Q

Plantar (toe down, heel up) flexes and everts (rotates laterally) foot.

A
  1. Peroneus
  2. Peroneus Brevis
92
Q

[Posterior Compartment, Foot, Toes] Plantar flexes (toe up, heel down) FOOT, and flexes leg.

A

Gastrocnemius

93
Q

Plantar flexes (toe down, heel up) foot.

A

Soleus

94
Q

[Posterior Compartment, Deep] flexes and medially rotates leg.

A

Popliteus

95
Q

[Posterior, Deep] Plantar flexes (toe down, heel up) and inverts foot and flexes toes.

A

Flexor digitorum longus.

96
Q

Intramuscular (IM) Injections are preferred whenever:

A
  1. Large doses of a medication is required that is greater than can be given subcutaneously.
  2. a drug is too irritating to give subcutaneously
  3. when prompt absorption is desired. Fast absorption is promoted by the extensive blood supply in muscle tissue.
97
Q

Common Sites of IM Injection:

A
  • Gluteus medius, Vastus lateralis, or Deltoid muscle
98
Q

R.I.C.E Therapy:

A

R- Rest

I-Ice

C-Compression

E- Elevation

99
Q

Known as Patellofemoral stress syndrome (PSS)

A

Knee injury , or Runner’s Knee.

100
Q

[Leg and Foot injury] Pain along the front of the tibia, especially the medial, distal two thirds. Caused by tendinitis of the Tibialis anterior muscles or toe flexors, inflammation of the periosteum of the tibia, or stress fractures of the tibia.

Usually occurs when poorly conditioned individuals run on hard or banked surfaces with poirly supporting running shoes.

A

Shinsplits

101
Q

An inflammatory reaction due to chronic irritation of the plantar aponeurosis at its origin on the calcaneus.

worsened by reapeated impact on hard surfaces

treat with R.I.C.E, heel pads, stretching calf muscles

A

Plantar fascilits (painful heel syndrome)

102
Q

Caused by small, partial fractures, sometimes too small to be seen on X-Ray, resulting from the inability to withstand repeated streess.

A

Stress Fractures.

103
Q

Done!!

A

Human A&P I (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions