Chapter 11: The Endocrine System Flashcards
1
Q
acr/o
A
extremities
2
Q
aden/o
A
gland
3
Q
adren/o
A
adrenal gland
4
Q
adrenal/o
A
adrenal gland
5
Q
calc/o
A
calcium
6
Q
chem/o
A
drug
7
Q
cortic/o
A
outer layer
8
Q
crin/o
A
to secrete
9
Q
cyt/o
A
cell
10
Q
gluc/o
A
glucose
11
Q
glyc/o
A
sugar
12
Q
glycos/o
A
sugar
13
Q
gynec/o
A
female
14
Q
immun/o
A
protection
15
Q
kal/i
A
potassium
16
Q
ket/o
A
ketones
17
Q
lapar/o
A
abdomen
18
Q
lob/o
A
lobe
19
Q
mast/o
A
breast
20
Q
natr/o
A
sodium
21
Q
neur/o
A
nerve
22
Q
oththalm/o
A
eye
23
Q
or/o
A
mouth
24
Q
ovari/o
A
ovary
25
pancreat/o
pancreas
26
parathyroid/o
parathyroid gland
27
pineal/o
pineal gland
28
pituit/o
pituitary gland
29
pituitar/o
pituitary gland
30
radi/o
radiation
31
retin/o
retina
32
testicul/o
testes
33
thym/o
thymus gland
34
thry/o
thyroid gland
35
36
37
38
39
-an
pertaining to
39
toxic/o
poison
39
-al
pertaining to
39
thyroid/o
thyroid gland
40
-ar
pertaining to
40
-ary
pertaining to
41
-dipsia
thirst
42
-ectomy
surgical removal
43
-edema
swelling
44
-emia
blood condition
45
-emic
pertaining to a blood condition
46
-graphy
process of recording
47
-ia
condition
48
-ic
pertaining to
49
-ism
state of
50
-itis
inflammation
51
-logy
study of
52
-megaly
enlarged
53
-meter
instrument to measure
54
-oma
tumor
55
-osis
abnormal condition
56
-pathy
disease
57
-prandial
pertaining to a meal
58
-scopic
pertaining to visually examining
59
-tic
pertaining to
60
-uria
urine condition
61
anti-
against
62
endo-
within
63
ex-
outward
64
hyper-
excessive
65
hypo-
insuffiicent
66
pan-
all
67
poly-
many
68
post-
after
69
adrenal
pertaining to adrenal glands
70
ovarian
pertaining to ovary
71
pancreatic
pertaining to pancreas
72
parathyroidal
pertaining to parathyroid gland
73
pineal
pertaining to pineal gland
74
pituitary
pertaining to pituitary gland
75
testicular
pertaining to testes
76
thymic
pertaining to thymus gland
77
thyroidal
pertaining to thyroid gland
78
having one or both adrenal glands enlarged
adrenomegaly
79
general term for adrenal gland disease
adrenopathy
80
condition in which body tissues contain excessive amounts of fluid
edema
81
general term for diseases of the endocrine system
endocrinopathy
82
condition in which the eyeballs protrude, such as in Graves' disease
exophthalmos
83
having a high level of sugar excreted in urine
glycosuria
84
development of breast tissue in males
gynecomastia
85
condition of having excessive amount of hair
hirsutism
86
condition of having high level of calcium in the blood
hypercalcemia
87
condition of having high level of sugar in the blood
hyperglycemia
88
condition of having high level of potassium in the blood
hyperkalemia
89
excessive hormone production by an endocrine gland
hypersecretion
90
condition of having low level of calcium in the blood
hypocalcemia
91
condition of having low level of sugar in the blood
hypoglycemia
92
condition of having low level of sodium in the blood
hyponatremia
93
deficient hormone production by an endocrine gland
hyposecretion
94
having abnormal amount of fat in the body
obesity
95
excessive feeling of thirst
polydipsia
96
condition of producing excessive amount of urine
polyuria
97
group of symptoms and signs that when combined, present clinical picture of disease or condition
syndrome
98
having enlarged thyroid gland
thryomegaly
99
disease results from deficiency in adrenocortical hormones; may be increased pigmentation of skin, generalized weakness, and weight loss
Addison's disease
100
development of female secondary sexual characteristics in a male
adrenal feminization
101
development of male secondary sexual characteristics in a female
adrenal virilism
102
inflammation of one or both adrenal glands
adrenalitis
103
set of symptoms caused by excessive levels of cortisol due to high doses of corticosteroid drugs and adrenal tumors
Cushing's syndrome
104
usually benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that secretes epinephrine
pheochromocytoma
105
chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism resulting in hyperglycemia and glycosuria
diabetes mellitus
106
secondary complication of diabetes that affects blood vessels of the retina, resulting in visual changes and even blindness
diabetic retinopathy
107
type 1 diabetes mellitus; develops early in life when the pancreas stops insulin production
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
108
tumor of the islets of Langerhans cells of the pancreas that secretes excessive amount of insulin
insulinoma
109
acidosis due to excess of acidic ketone bodies
ketoacidosis
110
type 2 diabetes mellitus; the pancreas produces normal to high levels of insulin, but cells fail to respond to it
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
111
damage to nerves in lower legs and hands as result of diabetes mellitus
peripheral neuropathy
112
hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone
hyperparathyroidism
113
hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone
hypoparathyroidism
114
excessive production of parathyroid hormone resulting in degeneration of bones
Recklinghausen disease
115
nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps resulting from hypocalcemia
tetany
116
chronic disease of adults that results in elongation and enlargement of bones of head and extremities
acromegaly
117
disorder caused by inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
diabetes insipidus
118
condition of being abnormally short in height
dwarfism
119
excessive development of body due to overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland in child or teenager
gigantism
120
hypersecretion of one or more pituitary gland hormones
hyperpituitarism
121
hyposecretion of one or more pituitary gland hormones
hypopituitarism
122
deficiency in all hormones secreted by the pituitary gland
panhypopituitarism
123
inflammation of the thymus gland
thymitis
124
tumor in the thymus gland
thymoma
125
congenital condition in which lack of thyroid hormones may result in arrested physical and mental development
congenital hypothyroidism
126
enlargement of the thyroid gland
goiter
127
condition that results in overactivity of the thyroid gland and can cause a crisis situation
Graves' disease
128
chronic autoimmune form of thyroiditis
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
129
hypersecretion of thyroid gland hormones
hyperthyroidism
130
hyposecretion of thyroid gland hormones
hypothyroidism
131
condition resulting from hyposecretion of the thyroid gland in adult
myxedema
132
condition resulting from marked overproduction of the thyroid gland
thyrotoxicosis
133
cancerous tumor in gland that is capable of producing hormones secreted by that gland
adenocarcinoma
134
blood test to measure level of substances such as calcium, electrolytes, testosterone, insulin, and glucose
blood serum test
135
blood test to measure amount of sugar circulating throughout body after 12-hour fast
fasting blood sugar
136
test to determine blood sugar level
glucose tolerance test
137
blood test to measure concentration of thyroxine (t4) circulating in bloodstream
protein-bound iodine test
138
blood test that uses radioactively tagged hormones and antibodies to measure quantity of hormone in the plasma
radioimmunoassay
139
blood test used to measure levels of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone in bloodstream to assist in determining thyroid function
thyroid function test
140
blood test to measure total amount of calcium to assist in detecting parathyroid and bone disorders
total calcium
141
blood test to assist in evaluating glucose metabolism
two-hour postprandial glucose tolerance test
142
ultrasound examination of thyroid that can assist in distinguishing a thyroid nodule from a cyst
thyroid echography
143
test in which radioactive iodine is administered that localizes in the thyroid gland
thyroid scan
144
surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands
adrenalectomy
145
large dose of radioactive iodine is given in order to kill thyroid gland cells without having to actually do surgery
chemical thyroidectomy
146
device designed for diabetic to use at home to measure level of glucose in bloodstream
glucometer
147
artificial replacement of hormones in patients with hyposecretion disorders
hormone replacement therapy
148
removal of the adrenal gland through small incision in abdomen and using endoscopic instruments
laparoscopic adrenalectomy
149
removal of a lobe from an organ
lobectomy
150
surgical removal of one or more of the parathyroid glands
parathyroidectomy
151
surgical removal of the pineal gland
pinealectomy
152
surgical removal of the thymus gland
thymectomy
153
surgical removal of the thyroid gland
thyroidectomy
154
block production of thyroid hormones in patients with hypersecretion disorders
antithyroid agents
155
inserts aquaporins in the nephron to treat hyponatremia
aquaretics
156
although function of these hormones in body is to regulate carbohydrate metabolism, they also have strong anti-inflammatory action
corticosteroids
157
hormone replacement therapy with human growth hormone in order to stimulate skeletal growth
human growth hormone therapy
158
replaces insulin for type 1 diabetics or treats severe type 2 diabetics
insulin
159
taken by mouth to cause decrease in blood sugar
oral hypoglycemic agents
160
hormone replacement therapy for patients with hypothyroidism or who have had a thyroidectomy
thyroid replacement hormone
