Chapter 11 (The Civil War) Flashcards
Fort Sumter
fort in Charleston harbor, S.C., where Confederate troops fired the first shots of the Civil War (April 12, 1861)
Confederate States of America (CSA)
the 11 Southern states that seceded from the United States in February, 1861, in order to preserve slavery and states’ rights.
Border States
the slave states of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri that remained in the Union during the Civil War. Later in the war West Virginia broke away from Virginia and became a border State.
Anaconda Plan
a three-part strategy by which the Union proposed to defeat the Confederacy in the Civil War.
Civil War battle names
the South tended to connect a battle with the nearest town, the North with some physical feature close by the battlefield
First Battle of Bull Run [Manassas]
July 21, 1861
was fought on July 21, 1861, in Virginia, near the city of Manassas. It was the first major land battle of the Civil War and was a victory for the South.
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
was a Confederate general during the Civil War, and one of the best-known commanders. He earned his nickname of Stonewall at Bull Run and was accidentally shot at Chancellorsville.
George McClellan
was a Union general who skillfully reorganized Union forces in the first year of the War but drew wide criticism for repeatedly failing to press his advantage over Confederate troops.
Ulysses S. Grant
was a Union general who earned the nickname, “unconditional surrender” because of his fighting determination and persistence.
Battle of Shiloh
April 6-7, 1862
took place in April, 1862, and was one of the major early engagements of the War. After initial successes, the Confederates were unable to hold their positions and were forced back, resulting in a Union victory. Both sides suffered heavy losses.
David G. Farragut
an accomplished U.S. naval officer, who received great acclaim for his service to the Union during the War. Farragut commanded the Union blockade of Southern ports, helped capture the the Confederate city of New Orleans and provided support for General Ulysses S. Grant’s siege of Vicksburg.
Monitor vs. Merrimack
March 9, 1862
a naval engagement at Hampton Roads, Virginia, notable as history’s first duel between ironclad warships and the beginning of a new era of naval warfare. The battle was a draw.
Monitor
an ironclad ship used by the North in the Civil War.
Merrimack
an ironclad ship used by the South in the Civil War.
Robert E. Lee
was a Confederate general who was willing to take risks and go beyond military textbooks in his tactics. He commanded the main CSA army, the Army of Northern Virginia, for most of the war.
