Chapter 1 (Three Worlds Meet)

Question 1

Nomadic

Answer 1

Moving from place to place

Question 2

Olmec

Answer 2

Native American people whose civilization flourished in what is now southern Mexico in the period 1200-400 B.C.

Question 3

Maya

Answer 3

Native American people whose civilization flourished in Guatemala and the Yucatan Peninsula between about A.D. 250 and 900.

Question 4

Aztec

Answer 4

Native American people that settled in the Valley of Mexico in the 1200’s A.D. and later developed a powerful empire.

Question 5

Inca

Answer 5

Native American people that around A.D. 1400 created an empire reaching nearly 2,500 miles along the west coast of South America.

Question 6

Hohokam

Answer 6

Native American group that lived in the valleys of the Salt and Gila rivers (in what is now Arizona) from about 300 B.C. to A.D. 1400.

Question 7

Anasazi

Answer 7

Native American group that lived on the mesa tops, cliff sides, and canyon bottoms of the Four Corners region (where present-day states of AZ, NM, CO, and UT meet) from about A.D. 100 to 1300.

Question 8

Adena

Answer 8

a Mound Builder society that was centered in the Ohio River valley and flourished from about 700 B.C. to A.D. 100.

Question 9

Hopewell

Answer 9

a Mound Builder society that was centered in the Ohio River valley and flourished from about 200 B.C. to A.D. 400.

Question 10

Mississippian

Answer 10

the last and most complex of the Mound Builder societies, inhabiting the Ohio and Mississippi valleys from about A.D. 700 into the 1500’s.

Question 11

Kashaya Pomo

Answer 11

Native American people that formerly inhabited the coastal marshlands of what is now California.

Question 12

Kwakiutl

Answer 12

Native American people that formerly inhabited the northwestern coastal region of North America.

Question 13

Pueblo

Answer 13

a group of Native American peoples—descendants of the Anasazi—inhabiting the deserts of the Southwest.

Question 14

Iroquois

Answer 14

a group of Native American peoples inhabiting the woodlands of the Northeast.

Question 15

kinship

Answer 15

the ties between members of a family

Question 16

division of labor

Answer 16

the assignment of different tasks and responsibilities to different groups or individuals.

Question 17

Islam

Answer 17

a religion founded in Arabia in A.D. 622 by the prophet Muhammad; its believers are called Muslims.

Question 18

plantation

Answer 18

a large farm on which the labor of slaves or other workers is used to grow a single crop, such as sugar cane or cotton.

Question 19

Songhai

Answer 19

an empire that, at the height of its power in the 1500’s, controlled much of West Africa.

Question 20

savanna

Answer 20

a dry grassland dotted with trees and bushes, found in sub-Saharan Africa and other tropical or subtropical regions.

Question 21

Benin

Answer 21

a West African kingdom that flourished in the Niger Delta region (in what is now Nigeria) from the 14th to the 17th century.

Question 22

Kongo

Answer 22

a group of small kingdoms along the Zaire River in West-Central Africa, united under a single leader in the late 1400’s.

Question 23

lineage

Answer 23

a group of people descended from a common ancestor.

Question 24

Prince Henry

Answer 24

often called “Henry the Navigator,” sent Portuguese ships to explore the west coast of Africa during the early decades of the 15th century.

Question 25

Renaissance

Answer 25

a period of European history, lasting from about 1400 to 1600, during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far-reaching changes in art, learning, and views of the world.

Question 26

hierarchy

Answer 26

a social ordering by rank or class.

Question 27

nuclear family

Answer 27

a household made up of a mother, a father, and their children.

Question 28

Crusades

Answer 28

a series of Christian military expeditions to the Middle East between A.D. 1096 and 1270 to drive the Muslims from the Holy Land.

Question 29

Reformation

Answer 29

a religious movement in 16th-century Europe, growing out of a desire for reform in the Roman Catholic Church and leading to the establishment of various Protestant churches.

Question 30

Christopher Columbus

Answer 30

was an Italian explorer who sailed across the ocean in 1492, hoping to find a route to India. He made a total of four trips to the Caribbean and South America from 1492 to 1504.

Question 31

Taino

Answer 31

Native American people of the Caribbean islands–the first group encountered by Columbus and his men when they reached the Americas.

Question 32

colonization

Answer 32

the establishment of outlying settlements by a parent country.

Question 33

Columbian Exchange

Answer 33

the transfer–beginning with Columbus’s first voyage–of plants, animals, and diseases between the Western Hemisphere and the Eastern Hemisphere.

Question 34

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 34

the 1494 treaty in which Spain and Portugal agreed to divide the lands of the Western Hemisphere (Americas) between them.