Chapter 11-Phsychological Disorders Flashcards
What are culture-bound syndromes?
Symptoms or mental disorders that are specific to particular cultural contexts and practices.
What is a mental disorder?
Any behavior or emotional state that causes an individual great suffering, is self-destructive, seriously impairs the person’s ability to work or get along with others, or endangers others or the community.
What are projective tests?
Psychological test used to infer a person’s motives, conflicts, and unconscious dynamics on the basis of the person’s interpretations of ambiguous stimuli.
What are objective tests(inventories)?
Standardized objective questionnaires requiring written responses; they typically include scales on which people are asked to rate themselves.
What is a generalized anxiety disorder?
A continuous state of anxiety marked by feelings of worry and dread, apprehension, difficulties in concentration, and sign of motor tension.
What is posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)?
An anxiety disorder in which a person who has experienced a traumatic or life-threatening event has symptoms such as psychic numbing, reliving of the trauma, and increased physiological arousal.
What is a panic disorder?
An anxiety disorder in which a person experiences recurring panic attacks, periods of intense fear, and feelings of impending doom or death, accompanied by physiological symptoms such as rapid heart rate and dizziness.
What is a phobia?
An exaggerated unrealistic fear of a specific situation, activity, or object.
What is agoraphobia?
A set of phobias, often set off by a panic attack, involving the basic fear of being away from a safe place or person.
What is obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)?
An anxiety disorder in which a person feels trapped in repetitive, persistent thoughts(obsessions) and repetitive, ritualized behaviors(compulsions) designed to reduce anxiety.
What is major depression?
A mood disorder involving disturbances in emotion(Excessive sadness), behavior(loss of interest in one’s usual activities, cognition(thoughts of hopelessness), and body function(fatigue and loss of appetite).
What is a bipolar disorder?
A mood disorder in which episodes of both depression and mania(excessive euphoria) occur.
What is vulnerability-stress models?
Approaches that emphasize how individual vulnerabilities interact with external stresses or circumstances to produce metal disorders.
What is borderline personality disorder?
A disorder characterized by intense but unstable relationships, impulsiveness, self-mutilating behavior, feelings of emptiness, and a fear of abandonment by others.
What is psychopathy?
A personality disorder characterized by a lack of remorse, empathy, anxiety, and other social emotions; the use of deceit and manipulation; and impulsive thrill seeking.
