Chapter 11: Nutritional Assessment Flashcards
Which of the following persons does the nurse recognize to be at greatest risk for undernutrition?
a. A 5-month-old infant
b. A 50-year-old woman
c. A 20-year-old community college student
d. A 30-year-old hospital administrator
a.
When assessing a patient’s nutritional status, the nurse recalls that the best definition of optimal nutritional status is the consumption of:
a. nutrients in excess of daily physiological requirements.
b. sufficient nutrients to provide for the minimum physiological needs.
c. sufficient nutrients to meet daily physiological requirements but not increased metabolic demands.
d. sufficient nutrients to meet daily physiological requirements and increased metabolic demands.
d.
The nurse is providing nutrition information to the mother of a 1-year-old child. Which of the following statements represents accurate information for this age group?
a. It is important to maintain adequate fat and caloric intake.
b. The recommended dietary allowances for an infant are the same as those for an adolescent.
c. At this age, the baby’s growth is minimal, so caloric requirements are lower.
d. The baby should be given skim milk to decrease the risk of coronary artery disease later in life.
a.
A pregnant woman is interested in breastfeeding her baby and asks several questions about it. Which of the following would be appropriate information the nurse should provide?
a. Breastfeeding is best when also supplemented with bottle feedings.
b. Babies who are breastfed often require supplemental vitamins.
c. Breastfeeding is recommended for the first 2 years of life.
d. Breast milk provides the nutrients necessary for growth as well as natural immunity.
d.
A mother and her 13-year-old daughter express their concern about the daughter’s recent weight gain and increase in appetite. Which of the following should the nurse discuss with them?
a. The necessity of exercise and dieting at this age
b. Suggestions for snacks high in protein, iron, and calcium
c. Not allowing snacking by teenagers with a weight problem
d. The importance of a low-calorie diet to prevent the accumulation of fat
b.
The nurse is assessing a 30-year-old unemployed immigrant from a developing country who has been in Canada for 1 month. Which of the following problems related to his nutritional status might the nurse expect to find?
a. Obesity
b. Hypotension
c. Osteomalacia
d. Coronary artery disease
c.
During the nutritional assessment of a 22-year-old male refugee, the nurse must remember to:
a. obtain a 24-hour dietary recall.
b. find out what he means by the term “food.”
c. provide him with a handbook on standard diets.
d. assume that his diet is consistent with other refugees from the same country.
b.
Which of the following statements about nutritional assessment is true?
a. It is only useful in patients who are overweight.
b. It identifies patients who are at risk of malnutrition.
c. Nutritional assessment can only be thoroughly done by a dietitian.
d. It provides the nurse with physical findings related to all the systems.
b.
A patient is at the clinic on his first visit and reports no history of nutrition-related problems. Which of the following should the initial nutritional screening include?
a. Calorie count of nutrients
b. Anthropometric measures
c. Complete physical examination
d. Measurement of weight and weight history
d.
A patient is asked to indicate on a form how many times he eats a specific food. Which of the following methods for obtaining dietary information does this reflect?
a. Food diary
b. Calorie count
c. 24-hour recall
d. Food frequency questionnaire
d.
The nurse is providing care to a 68-year-old woman who is complaining of constipation. What concern exists regarding her nutritional status?
a. The absorption of nutrients may be impaired.
b. The constipation may represent a food allergy.
c. She may need emergency surgery for the problem.
d. The gastrointestinal problem will increase her caloric demand.
a.
During nutritional assessment, why is it important for the nurse to ask a patient what medications he or she is taking?
a. Certain drugs can affect the metabolism of nutrients.
b. The nurse needs to assess the patient for allergic reactions.
c. Medications need to be documented on the patient record for the physician’s review.
d. Medications can affect one’s memory and ability to identify foods eaten in the last 24 hours.
a.
A patient tells the nurse that he does not find any food tasty any more. The nurse’s best response would be:
a. “That must be really frustrating.”
b. “When did you first notice this change?”
c. “My food doesn’t always have a lot of taste either.”
d. “Sometimes that happens but your taste will come back.”
b.
The nurse is performing nutritional assessment on a 15-year-old girl, who tells the nurse that she is “so fat.” Assessment reveals that she is 160 cm (5 feet 4 inches) and weighs 50 kg (110 lbs). The nurse’s appropriate response would be:
a. “How much do you think you should weigh?”
b. “Don’t worry about it, you’re not that overweight.”
c. “The best thing for you would be to go on a diet.”
d. “I used to always think I was fat when I was your age.”
a.
The nurse is discussing appropriate foods for a 3-year-old child with the mother. Which of the following foods can be recommended?
a. Foods that the child will eat, no matter what they are
b. Foods that are easy to hold, such as hot dogs, nuts, and grapes
c. Any foods that the rest of the family is eating
d. Finger foods and nutritious snacks that will not cause choking
d.
Which of the following factors is most likely to affect the nutritional status of an 82-year-old person?
a. Enhanced taste and smell
b. Living alone on a fixed income
c. Change in cardiovascular status
d. Poor gastrointestinal motility and absorption
b.
