Chapter 11: Musical Ensembles Flashcards
A cappella
Choral music performed without instrumental accompaniment; “in the chapel”
Chamber music
Ensemble music for up to about 10 players, with one player to a part
What do standard chamber ensembles include?
String quartets, piano trios, and brass quintets
String quartets
Chamber music ensemble consisting of two violins, a viola, and a cello; also a multimovement composition for this ensemble
Piano trio
Standard chamber ensemble of a piano with a violin and cello
Brass quintet
Standard chamber ensemble made up of two trumpets, horn, trombone, and tuba
Orchestra
Performing group of diverse instruments in various cultures; in Western art music, an ensemble of multiple strings with various woodwind, brass, and percussion instruments; in the west, synonymous with more specific symphony orchestra
How many players can a modern orchestra feature?
Over 100 players
Wind band
Instrumental ensemble ranging from 40 to 80 members or more, consisting of wind and percussion instruments; also concert band
Marching band
Instrumental ensemble for entertainment at sports events and parades, consisting of wind and percussion instruments, drum majors/majorettes, flag bearers, and baton twirlers
Jazz band
Instrumental ensemble made up of reed (saxophones and clarinets), brass (trumpets and trombones), and rhythm sections (percussion, piano, double bass, and sometimes guitar)
Most bands feature a core of what instruments?
Wind and percussion
Conductor
Person who, by means of gestures, leads performances of music ensembles, especially orchestras, bands, or choruses
Chorus
Fairly large group of singers who perform together, usually with several on each part; also a choral movement of a large-scale work; in jazz, a single statement of the melodic-harmonic pattern
Choir
A group of singers who perform together, usually in parts, with several on each part; often associated with a church
SATB
Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass; the standard voices in a chorus or choir, but may also refer to instrumental ranges
What is the essential trait of chamber music?
Intimacy
Duo sonata
A chamber group comprised of a soloist with a piano; in the Baroque period, a sonata for a melody instrument and basso continuo
Piano quartet
Standard chamber ensemble of piano with violin, viola, and cello
Piano quintet
Standard chamber ensemble of piano with string quartet (two violins, viola, cello)
Sextet
Chamber music for six voices or instruments
Septet
Chamber music for six voices or instruments
Octet
Chamber music for eight voices or instruments
Woodwind quintet
Standard chamber ensemble consisting of flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and horn
Gamelan
Musical ensemble of Java or Bali, made up of gongs, chimes, metallophones, and drums, among other instruments
Baton
A thin stick, usually painted white, used by a conductor to keep time
Fugue
Polyphonic form popular in the Baroque era, in which one or more themes (especially the subject) are developed by imitative counterpoint
Which non-woodwind instrument plays in a woodwind quartet?
French horn
String players depend on the conductor, or sometimes the __________, to make their ______ strokes uniform.
concertmaster; bowing
Which of the following types of music are usually performed by a band? Marches Rock Symphony Jazz Gamelan
Marches
Rock
Jazz
True or False: Conductors can only beat duple, triple, and quadruple patterns.
False
True or False: The strings section makes up less than half of a symphony orchestra.
False
True or False: In an orchestra, brass instruments are placed near the back because they are louder.
True
True or False: The conductor’s role includes interpreting the music for the group.
True
Which of the following are chamber ensembles? Orchestra Brass quintet Marching band Duo sonata Piano quintet
Brass quintet
Duo sonata
Piano quintet
In “The Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra,” the composer _______________ introduces the different instrument families of the modern ________.
Benjamin Britten; orchestra
Which of the following instruments is not typically found in a symphony orchestra? Cellos Clarinets Timpani Synthesizer
Synthesizer
