Chapter 11 Lecture Evolution Flashcards
What conditions are necessary for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
- Very large population
- No gene flow
3) No mutations
4) Random mating
5) No nautral selection
How are new alleles introduced into a population?
By Mutation or gene flow
What is the effect of population size on genetic drift?
It mostly more sinificant in small populations.
What effect does genetic drift events have on genetic diversity? Can a genetic drift event eliminate an allele from a population?
It can affect by decreasing genetic variation and genetic drift can result in loss of some alleles if there is a change
What effect does selection have on genetic diversity? Can selection eliminate a dominant allele from a population? A recessive allele?
Natural selection can decrease the genetic variation in populations of organisms by selecting for or against a specific gene or gene combination
No it cannnot because dominant is stronger than recessive and theroefore recessive can eliminated by selection since it small.
What are the different types of selection? In what way are they different?
Natural selection- alleles that allow for enviormental adaptation.
Artificial selection- Occurs when humans determine the fitness of individuals in a population based on their traits.
Sexual selection- Occcurs when fitness of certain traist is determines by different lvls of reproductive success due to mate choice.
What lines of evidence exist which support evolutionary theory, and how do they support evolutionary theory?
Homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry, while analogous structures show that similar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations (beneficial features) or fossils
Darwin used multiple lines of evidence to support his theory of evolution by natural selection – fossil evidence, biogeographical evidence, and anatomical evidence.
How is allopatric speciation different from sympatric speciation? What are the ways that sympatric speciation can occur?
Allopatric speciation is occur generally seperated population evolving independently until no longer interbreed.
Sympatic speciation: Involves speciation original population of species of a same location.
Sympatric speciation occurswhen there are no physical barriers preventing any members of a species from mating with another, and all members are in close proximity to one another.
