Chapter 11 Hematology Flashcards
Define Hermatopoiesis
Describe hemoglobin synthesis and normal and abnormal types of hemoglobin.
Identify the types of mature leukocytes found in circulating blood, and describe the characteristics of each.
Describe the process of mature leukocytes found in circulating blood, and describe the characteristics of each.
Distinguish the cellular characteristics in the formation of thrombocytes
Discus the mode and applications for the three types of anticoagulants used for hematology assays.
Total volumes of blood in average adult is
6 Liter, or 7% to 8% of the body weight
Circulating blood is divided as fallow:
45% red, white blood cell, platelets
55% plasma
Plasma = (55% of total blood)
Buffy coat = leukocytes & platelets ( 1% of total blood)
Erythrocytes( 45% of total blood)
Buffy coat
Leukocytes & platelets
Erythrocytes
Red blood cell
Plasma referring the whole element of whole blood that is suspend in it
90% the composition plasma is water
10% is soil able vial chemical protein, carbon hydrate, vitamin, hormone, enzyme, salts, sugar, fats,
Plasma is main contain of blood and consist mostly of water, with proteins,ions, nutrients, and wastes mixed in.
It has gases
Hematopoiesis mean
Blood cells production
Hematopoiesis begin In
Embryonic development, process to the fetal liver, and later occurs in the bone marrow.
CD34+ is
Pluripotent stem cell give rise to the earliest myeloid and lymphoid precursor.
Erythrocytes function and maturation
Main function: to carry oxygen to the cell s of the body
Oxygen is transported in The chemical combination with
in The chemical combination with hemoglobin (HB)
The concentration of Hb in the blood is a measurement of capacity
to carry oxygen
To combine with and transport oxygen, hb molecuolesd must have certain combination of
Heme ( contains iron) and globin.
The red blood cell(RBC) begin as a nucleated cell within the
Bone marrow
As the cell matures in the bone marrow, its diameter
Decreases, and the nucleus becomes denser and smaller, and is finally released from the cell (extruded) to become a biconcave disk.
RBC have a total life span of about
120 days
Bone marrow release new cells into the
Circulatory system every day
RBC formation and destructive process
New red cells are formed in the boned marrow
Cells released into the circulating blood.
As the cells wear out, the reticuloendothelial system breaks them down.
Protein from these cells goes into protein storage pool, which can be used again in bone marrow to produce new cells.
Irons from these cells is recycled into an iron storage pool to be reused in the bone marrow to produce new cells.
Waste products are excreted in the form of bile in urine and feces.
What is the ideal time for specimens to be collected?
10 hours after the last ingestion of food
If a patient is taking high doses of Tylenol, which of the following analyze results is most likely to be affected.
Serum bilirubin
If a healthcare worker collects a venipuncture specimen from an arm site slightly above the patients IV ( in the same arm) what effects does it have on the specimen.
It will dilute the specimen with IV fluids
What effect does excessive probing with a needle in the patients arm have on a venipuncture specimen.
It can rupture erythrocytes and release tissue clotting factors
Which of the following is a solid mass derived from blood constituents that can occlude a vein or artery
Thrombus
A physiological abnormality that can cause hemolysis is
Sickle cell disease
Which of the following lab test results are affected most of the patient is not fasting
Triglycerides and glucose
Which of the following would most likely Not be an explanation for turbid serum
Elevated glucose results
If the tourniquet is applied fore longer than 3 minutes, which of the following analyses will most likely become falsely elevated
Potassium
Emotional stress such anxiety of fear can lead to a decrease of which of the following nanalytes
Serum iron
