Chapter 11 - Grammar

Question 1

Purpose of the -masu form?

Answer 1

We use it for speaking politely about both the present and the future, depending on the context.

(Watashi wa ocha o nomimasu.) - I drink tea. / I’ll drink tea.

Question 2

What are the 3 groups of verbs used to create the ますmasu form?

Answer 2

1. RU verbs (sound ends in -iru, -eru)
2. U verbs (all other verbs, ends in -u)
3. Irregular verbs (only 2 - suru, kuru)

Question 3

What does the o を particle mean?

Answer 3

indicates the object of an action

ANNA GA SAKANA O TABEMASHITA
“Anna ate fish”
O(を) indicates that what Anna ate is “fish”, or SAKANA.

Question 4

For RU verbs, what does the verb have to end with to create the masu form?

Answer 4

-iru　いる
-eru 　える

(miru, taberu, etc)

Question 5

How do you transform an RU verb into its ますmasu form?

Answer 5

remove the final る (ru) and add ます (masu)

taberu = tabemasu　たべます
miru = mimasu　みます

Question 6

How do you build the ますmasu form for U verbs?

Answer 6

change the final “u” to an “i” sound and add ます (masu)

u -> i
ku -> ki
tsu -> chi
nu -> ni
fu -> hi
su -> shi

いく (to go) - いきます (ikimasu)

Question 7

What’s the い”i” sound for ふ”fu”?

Answer 7

hi　ひ

Question 8

What is the に”ni” particle used for?

Answer 8

(ni) is used to indicate destination, movement, and a specific time and translates into “at,” “on,” or “in.”

わたしはとうきょうにきます。
Watashi wa Tokyo ni kimasu - I will come to Tokyo

私は東京に来ます。

Question 9

What are the 2 irregular verbs？

Answer 9

する suru (to do)
くる kuru (to come)

Question 10

How do you form the ますmasu form for the 2 irregular verbs するsuru and くるkuru?

Answer 10

する ー します (shimasu)

くる ー きます (kimasu)

[for irregular, we take off the ending -ru, switch the prefix to its “i” form]

Question 11

What tense is the masu form?

Answer 11

describes present or future tense (NOT past)