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Medical Terminology > Chapter 11 Digestive System > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Digestive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

an/o

A

anus

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2
Q

antr/o

A

antrum

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3
Q

cec/o

A

cecum

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4
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon ( usually denoting the large intestine)

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5
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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6
Q

enter/o

A

intestine (usually denoting the small intestine)

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7
Q

esophag/o (Note:esophag/o was covered in Chapter 9)

A

esophagus

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8
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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9
Q

ile/

A

ileum

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10
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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11
Q

or/o,stomat/o

A

mouth

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12
Q

proct/o, rect/o

A

rectum

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13
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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14
Q

abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o

A

abdomen (abdominal cavity)

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15
Q

append/o, appendic/o

A

appendix

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16
Q

cheil/o

A

lip

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17
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile duct

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18
Q

chol/e (Note:is the combining vowel is e)

A

gall, bile

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19
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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20
Q

diverticul/o

A

diverticulum, or blind pouch, extending from a hollow organ (pl. diverticula) (figure 11-6)

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21
Q

gingiv/o

A

gum

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22
Q

gloss/o,lingu/o

A

tongue

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23
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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24
Q

herni/o

A

hernia,or protrusion of an organ through a membrane or cavity wall (figure 11-7)

25
Q

palat/o

A

palate

26
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

27
Q

peritone/o

A

peritonraum

28
Q

polyp/o

A

polyp,small growth

29
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus,pyloric,sphincter

30
Q

sial/o

A

salvia,salivary gland

31
Q

steat/o

A

fat

32
Q

uvul/o

A

uvula

33
Q

celiac disease

A

a malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten ( a protein in wheat, rye, and barley), which may damage the lining of the small intestine that is responsible for absorption of food into the bloodstream. Celiac disease is considered a multisystem disorder with varying symptoms, including abdominal bloating and pain, chronic diarrhea or constipation, steatorrhea, vomiting, weight loss, fatigue, iron deficiency anemia, and pruritic skin rash known as dermatitis herpetiforms (also called gluten enteropathy)

34
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells and formation of scar tissue; commonly caused by alcholism and certain types of viral hepatitis

35
Q

crohn disease

A

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and colon; characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction (also called regional ileitis or regional enteritis)

36
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd)

A

the abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus causing heartburn and the gradual breakdown of the mucous barrier of the esophagus

37
Q

hemochrommatosis

A

an iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed from food, resulting in excessive deposits of iron in the tissue; can cause congestive heart failure, diabetes, cirrhosis or cancer of the liver

38
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swollen or distended veins in the rectal area, which may be internal or external, and can be a source of rectal bleeding.

39
Q

ileus

A

obstruction of thee intestine often caused by failure of peristalsis

40
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping of a segment of the intestine

41
Q

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

periodic, disturbance of bowel function, such as diarrhea and/or constipation, usually associated with abdominal pain

42
Q

obesity

A

excess of body fat ( not body weight)

43
Q

peptic ulcer

A

eroded area of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum associated with increased secretion of acid from the stomach, bacterial infection or nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs 9often referred to as gastric or duodenal ulcer, depending on its location)

44
Q

polyp

A

tumorlike growth extending outward from a mucous membrane; usually benign; common sites are in the nose,throat, and intestines

45
Q

bariatric surgery

A

surgical reduction of gastric capacity to treat morbid obesity causing serious illness

46
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent discharge of liquid stool

47
Q

dysentery

A

disorder that involves inflammation of the intestine assoc. wih diarrhea and abdominal pain

48
Q

emesis

A

expelling matter from the stomach through the mouth (vomiting)

49
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting of blood

50
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of bloody feces

51
Q

nausea

A

urge to vomit

52
Q

peristalsis

A

involuntary wavelike contractions that propel food along the digestive tract

53
Q

stoma

A

surg. opening bet. an organ and the surface of the body.. Ex: colostomy

54
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

55
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

56
Q

IBS

A

irritable bowel syndrome

57
Q

RYGB

A

Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

restricts food intake and calorie absorption rate… creation of small gastric pouch

58
Q

VBG

A

vertical banded gastroplasty

stapling stomach

59
Q

LAGB

A

Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding

Lapband

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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