Chapter 11: Church History - Part 1: Early Christian Church and its Division Flashcards
During which period was the Christian Church first established in Jerusalem? (Apostolic Period, Apostolic Disciple Period, After the Edict of Milan)
Apostolic Period
What did Nestorius claim regarding the title of Mary? (Theotokos, Christotokos, Logos, Abba)
Christotokos
The Nicene Creed affirms that Jesus Christ is of the same ______ as the Father.
Substance
In 1985, Sa’id Karim took the vow of a monk and entered into priesthood with the monastic name
Aphrem
The heresy of Eutyches argued that after the Incarnation, only Christ’s ______ nature remained.
Divine
Monophysitism argued that Jesus Christ had only one nature, with his ______ completely absorbed into his divinity.
Humanity
The Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD addressed the debate around Christ’s two natures, affirming that Christ is fully ______ and fully divine.
Human
True or False
The Apostolic Disciple Period saw the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem and the growth of Christian leadership under followers of the apostles.
True
True or False
Arius argued that Jesus Christ is of the same essence as God the Father.
False
True or False
The Chalcedonian Creed affirmed that Jesus Christ had two natures: divine and human, without confusion or mixture.
True
True or False
The Syrian Orthodox Church accepted the decisions of the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD.
False
What was the name given to Sa’id Aphrem Karim, when he was consecrated as the Archbishop of the Archdiocese of the Eastern United States?
Answer: Mor Cyril / Mor Koorilos
Answer in one or two sentences:
What was the heresy of Arius?
The heresy of Arius argued that Jesus Christ, though divine, was not of the same substance as God the Father, thereby challenging the concept of the Trinity.
Answer in one or two sentences:
How did the First Ecumenical Council respond to the heresy of Arius?
The First Ecumenical Council convened in 325 AD at Nicaea condemned Arius’ view and declared that Jesus Christ is of the same essence (homoousios) as the Father.
Answer in one or two sentences:
What was the Monophysite heresy, and how did the Council of Chalcedon address it?
The Monophysite heresy, promoted by Eutyches, claimed that after the Incarnation, Christ had only one nature, with his divine nature absorbing his human nature. The Council of Chalcedon addressed this by affirming that Christ has two complete and distinct natures, divine and human, co-existing in perfect unity without confusion or mixture.
Answer in one or two sentences:
What theological issue was at the centre of the division caused by the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD?
The theological issue at the centre of the division was Christology, specifically the nature of Christ. The Council of Chalcedon affirmed that Christ has two natures, fully human and fully divine, which was rejected by the Oriental Orthodox Churches.
Answer in a paragraph:
Explain the Edict of Milan?
- Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan in 313 AD, granting religious freedom to Christians.
- Declared tolerance for Christianity, ending official persecution.
- Granted Christians freedom of worship, return of confiscated property, and equal rights.
- Mandated a day of rest on Sundays for all citizens, effectively elevating its status as a prayer day. - Led to rapid growth of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire.
Write an essay:
Discuss the impact of the Council of Nicaea (325 AD) on the development of early Christian theology and the role of the Nicene Creed in shaping the concept of the Trinity.
The Council of Nicaea in 325 AD had a profound impact on early Christian theology by addressing the Arian controversy, which questioned the divinity of Christ. The Nicene Creed, formulated at this council, established a foundational Christian doctrine by affirming that Jesus Christ is “of the same substance” as God the Father, thus solidifying the concept of the Trinity. The creed declared that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are equal and eternal, laying the groundwork for subsequent theological developments. It also unified the church against heresies that sought to undermine the full divinity of Christ, marking a critical moment in the establishment of orthodox Christian beliefs.
Who established the ancient seat of the Patriarch of Antioch? (St. Paul, St. Peter, St. John, St. James)
St. Peter
Which Church does celebrate Christmas on January 7? (Coptic, Armenian, Ethiopian)
Coptic
In which year was Mor Ignatius Aphrem II born? (1945, 1955, 1965)
1965
In which year was Mor Baselios Thomas I born? (1929, 1930, 1945)
1929
What title was given to Fr. C.M. Thomas after being consecrated as a Metropolitan in 1974? (Mor Ignatius, Mor Dionysius, Mor Aphrem)
Mor Dionysius
Which diocese did Mor Dionysius lead as Metropolitan? (Cochin, Kottayam, Angamaly)
Angamaly