chapter 11 - burns

Question 1

layers of the skin and the corresponding burn level

Answer 1

Epidermis > superficial (first degree)

Dermis > superfinicl partial thickness (2nd degree)

Hypodermis > deep partial thickness (2nd degree)

subcutaneous tissue > full thickness (3rd degree)

Muscle

Question 2

Frostbite - what is it and also (3) levels

Answer 2

Vasoconstriction causes reduced perineal perfusion and injury to the endothelial layer of blood vessels and a thrombus can form.

> partial thickness; skin becomes hyperemic and edematous. some tingling or burning sensation may be felt.

> deep partial thickness ; clear blisters. if there is blood this sends it into the next category

> full thickness ; total skin necrosis is reached in subcutaneous tissue and this involved musle and bone. skin goes black

Question 3

Asphryxia

Answer 3

occurs when fire consumes the oxygen - decreasing the oxygen that the person is able to breathe

Question 4

Cap refill syndrome

Answer 4

Also known as “third spacing”

In burned tissue, mediators such as histamine, serotionin, prostagelnai, blood products, complement components and kinnis act to increase te vascular permeability of the cap membrane.

This increased permeability is referred to as a “cap leak” and allows plasma to pass through the damaged membranes leaving re blood cells in the intrvasular space

Question 5

Loss of skin integrity ; the zones

Answer 5

1. zone of coagulation (center)
   > nercrotic
2. zone of stasis
3. zone of hyperemia
   > increased blood flow to this area, resulting ni the best chance of tissue viability (baring infection)

Question 6

what fluid for a fluid resus of burns?

Answer 6

CSL because it approximates the intravascular solute contents.

** hyperchromic solutions (e.g. 0.9% NAcl should be AVOIDED)

Question 7

ELectical burns - marking and cardiac

Answer 7

“contact point”

Can cause dysrthymias
> ST segment changes or development of a A-flutter are common