Chapter 11- Basic concepts of Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What are hydrocarbons?
A compound containing carbon and hydrogen only.
What is a saturated hydrocarbon?
Has single bonds only
What is a homologous series?
A family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive members differ by the addition of a CH2 group.
What is a functional group?
The part of the organic molecule that is largely responsible for the molecule’s chemical properties.
What are aliphatic hydrocarbons?
When carbon atoms are joined to each other in unbranched or branched chains, or non-aromatic rings.
What are alicyclic hydrocarbons?
When carbon atoms are joined to each other in a ring structure, with or without branches.
What are aromatic hydrocarbons?
When some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring.
What are alkanes?
Contains only single C-C bonds.
What are alkenes?
Contains at least one double C-C bond.
What are alkynes?
Contain at least one triple C-C bond.
What is the molecular formula?
It shows the number and type of atoms of each element present in a molecule.
What is the empirical formula?
It is the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms of each element present in a compound.
What is the general formula?
It is the simplest algebraic formula for any member of a homologous series.
What is the displayed formula?
It shows the relative positioning of all the atoms in a molecule and the bonds present between them.
What is the structural formula?
It uses the smallest amount of detail necessary to show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule.
