Chapter 11 (aprroved)

Question 1

Hydrocarbon

Answer 1

A compound containing carbon and hydrogen atoms only

Question 2

Saturated vs unsaturated hydrocarbon

Answer 2

Saturated has single bonds only, unsaturated contains carbon-carbon multiple bonds

Question 3

Homologous series

Answer 3

Family of compounds with the same functional group whose successive members differ by an additional -CH2 group

Question 4

Functional group

Answer 4

The part of the organic molecule that is largely responsible for the molecule’s chemical properties

Question 5

Hydrocarbon classification and their differences

Answer 5

Aliphatic - carbon atoms are joined in straight or branched chains, or non-aromatic rings

Alicyclic - carbon atoms are joined together in ring structures, with or without branches

Aromatic - some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring

Question 6

Alkynes

Answer 6

Homologous series of hydrocarbons containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond

Question 7

Alkyl groups

Answer 7

Side/branched chains - alkane with one less hydrogen where bond to main chain is

Question 8

Alkene: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 8

C=C, ene, X

Question 9

Alcohol: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 9

-OH, ol, hydroxy-

Question 10

Aldehyde: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 10

-(C=O)H, al, X

Question 11

Ketone: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 11

-C(C=O)C-, -one, X

Question 12

Ester: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 12

-(C=O)OC-, -oate, X

Question 13

Carboxylic acid: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 13

-(C=O)OH-, oic acid, X

Question 14

Acyl chloride: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 14

-(C=O)Cl, oyl chloride, X

Question 15

Amine: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 15

NH2, amino-, -amine

Question 16

Nitrile: functional group, suffix, prefix

Answer 16

-CN, nitrile, X

Question 17

Structural isomers

Answer 17

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 18

Homolytic fission

Answer 18

When a bond breaks and each atom takes one electron, forming two radicals

Question 19

Heterolytic fission

Answer 19

When a bond breaks and one of the atoms takes both electrons, forming a negative ion and a positive ion

Question 20

Curly arrows

Answer 20

Used to show the movement of electron pairs in reaction mechanisms

Question 21

Addition reaction

Answer 21

Two reactants join to form one product

Question 22

Substitution reaction

Answer 22

An atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms

Question 23

Elimination reaction

Answer 23

The removal of a small molecule from a larger one