Chapter 11 Flashcards
Takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation
Imperialism
Idea that one race is superior to others
Racism
Charles Darwin ideas about evolution were applied to social change
Social Darwinism
14 European nations met to lay down rules for division of Africa
Berlin Conference 1884-85
Used highly disciplined warriors and good military organizations to create large centralized state
Shaka
Gradually took over native Americans lands and established large farms
Boers
Thousands of boers move north
Great Trek
What motives caused the nations of Europe to engage in imperialism activities?
As European nations industrialized they searched for new markets and raw materials to improve their economies
What effect did the Boer war have on Africans?
Europeans made efforts to change political, social, and economical lives of the ones they conquered
First total war in Africa
Boer War
Europeans governed people in a fatherly way by providing for their needs but not giving them rights
Paternalism
Local populations would become absorbed into French culture
Assimilation
Successfully played Italians, French, and British against each other
Menelik II
What are the forms of imperial rule?
Colony, protectorate, sphere of influenced economic imperialism
How did Ethiopia resist European rule so successfully?
Played Italians, French, and British against each other + built up huge arsenal of modern weapons brought from France and Russia
Interwstbin ir taking of land for its strategic location or prducts
Geopolitics
War between Russians and ottomans
Crimean War
Man made waterway that cut through the isthmus of Suez
Suez Canal
Why did the european nation’s have an interest in controlling the Muslim lands?
Wanted passage for its grain exports across the black and Mediterranean Sea and discovery of oil in Persia and Arabian Peninsula
What methods did the Muslim leaders use to try to prevent European imperialism?
Selling concessions, tobacco boycott, and riots
Indian soldiers
Sepoys
Most valuable of all Britain’s colony
“Jewel in the crown”
Rebellion of Hindu and Muslims soldiers against British in India
Sepoy Mutiny
British rule over India from 1757-1947
Raj
How was the economy of India transformed by the British?
British held most economic power, British introduced hands-off policy, and restricted India owned industries
What caused the sepoy mutiny?
85 of 90 sepoys refused to accept the cartridges and British then handled it badly
Countries that border the Pacific Ocean
Pacific Rim
Who Siam modernized itself under
King Mongkut
Leader of Filipino nationalists
Emilio Aguinaldo
Adding of territory to US
Annexation
Hawaiian ruler/ took throne in 1893/ called for new Consitution that increases her power
Queen Liliuokalani
How did Siam manage to remain independent the other’s countries in the area were colonized?
France + Britain each aimed to prevent the other from gaining control to Siam: knowing this the Siamese kings skillfully prompted Siam as a neutral zone for the 2 powers
Describe the attitudes held by Americans about colonizing other lands.
Built roads, railroads, hospitals, set up schools, exploited Philippines economically, encouraged growing cash crops
