Chapter 11

Question 1

nuchal torus

Answer 1

a projection of bone in the back of the cranium where neck muscles attach; these muscles hold up the head

Question 2

Nariokotome

Answer 2

site on Lake Turkana; small piece of skull discovered by Kamoya Kimeu; 1984

Question 3

Dmanisi

Answer 3

site in the Republic of Georgia; produced several individuals; first possible travelers; 1.81 mya

Question 4

Acheulian

Answer 4

pertaining to a stone tool industry from the Early and Middle Pleistocene; characterized by a large proportion of bifacial tools (flaked on both sides); Acheulian tool kids are common in Africa, Southwest Asia, and western Europe, but they’re thought to be less common elsewhere

Question 5

Pleistocene

Answer 5

the epoch of the Cenozoic from 1.8 mya until 10,000 ya; frequently referred to as the Ice Age, this epoch is associated with continental glaciations in northern latitudes

Question 6

Zhoukoudian

Answer 6

site near Beijing; juvenile fossil skull discovered; belonged to early hominin