Chapter 11

Question 1

Understand the factors that contribute to attraction (Proximity, physical attractiveness, Similarity, Liking those who like us)

Answer 1

similarity hypothesis - personality, those who have similar traits flock together
matching theory - based on appearance, you’ll be with someone you matches your attractiveness level
other factors can compensate, like wealth
studies show that those most similar in attractiveness more likely to report falling more in love 9 months later

attraction
welcome week dance - evaluate if liked the date, and the correlation was just with how attractive the person was

excitation transfer theory - “bachelor effect,” high arousal (like going to a theme park) causes you to like a person more, linked to attraction but not long term

mere exposure - being around someone makes you like them more, the more someone is exposed to something, the more they liked it
mirror image - people like the mirror image of themselves more because that’s what we’re more familiar with

evolutionary theory - men seek attractiveness (fertility) women seek status (resources to protect and provide)

Question 2

Know the difference between passionate and companionate love

Answer 2

passionate love - passion and intimacy, not long term

companionate love - intimacy and commitment, can occur over time (arranged marriages) and long term

Question 3

Know the theories on maintaining relationships (equity theory, exchange theory, attachment theory, self-disclosure theory)

Answer 3

equity theory - satisfaction is not about getting most benefits and fewest costs but needs equity, tick for tack kind of thing
exchange - comparison level, rewards vs costs, but different expectations can change
self-disclosure/self-penetration - we form closer relationships as we reveal more, needs reciprocity, both people need to share

attachment theory
secure - rooted in trust, trust sustains relationships through times of conflict
insecure - marked by anxiety or ambivalence, less trustful, more possessive and jealous
avoidant - discomfort or resistance to being close to others, less invested in relationships, more likely to leave them, non committed relationships

reward theory of attraction - we like those whose behavior is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events

Question 4

Know the Matching hypothesis, Similarity hypothesis, and Social Penetration Theory

Answer 4

Social Penetration Theory - As a relationship progresses, the deepness and intimate level of conversation increases.