Chapter 11

Question 1

Hemolytic anemia that is autosomal dominant. Causes weak RBC membranes, Splenomegaly, Jaundice.

Complicated by Parvo virus B19 infections

Answer 1

Hereditary Spherocytosis

Question 2

Autosomal recessive disease that affects the black population. Its a mutation in the cell membrane sructure and only present when the blood cells slow down and repidly exchange the oxygen out.

Patients are prone to clots

Answer 2

Sickle cell anemia

Question 3

Hemolytic anemia that results from too many unpaired B-globin. This causes early RBC hemolysis

4 possible mutations. Having 4 is letal in utero, 1 is an asymptomatic carrier

Answer 3

a-thalassemia

Question 4

Hemolytic anemia that results from too many unpaired a-globin. Typically asymptomatic, but can show signs of minor anemia

Answer 4

b-thalassemia minor

Question 5

Hemolytic anemia that results from too many unpaired a-globin. Lethal in 20s, Hair-on-end skull, growth restrictions.

Patients usually die due to hemochromatosis

Answer 5

b-thalassemia major

Question 6

X-linked hemolytic anemia. Glutathione can’t be produced. Hemolysis is exacerbated by Oxidants (Asprin, Fava beans)

Anemia is mild

Answer 6

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Question 7

X-linked, PIGA gene mutation. Causes RBC to be opsonized by compliment fixation. Exacerbated when pH drops (night time)

Answer 7

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Question 8

Autoimmune disorder in which IgG or IgA antibodies attack the bodys own RBC

Answer 8

Warm Immunohemolytic anemia

Question 9

Autoimmune disorder in which IgM antibodies attack he bodies own RBC

Answer 9

Cold Immunohemolytic anemia

Question 10

Most common cause of anemia, due to chronic blood loss. Common in females or reproductive age

Answer 10

Iron deficiency anemia

Question 11

Anemia caused by a dietary or malabsorption issue with Vitamin B12 or Folic acid

Answer 11

Megaloblastic anemia

Question 12

Anemia associated with patients who have chronic inflammation that suppresses erythropoesis and causes increased iron stores in bone.

Answer 12

Anemia of Chronic disease

Question 13

Anemia that is idiopathic but can develop from an adverse drug reaction oe exposure to benzene.

Bone marrow becomes hypocellular, and also contains T cells. Reticulocytopenia in peripheral blood

Answer 13

Aplastic anemia

Question 14

Anemia caused when cancer infiltrates bone marrow. Dacrocytes are found in peripheral blood

Answer 14

myelopthisic anemia

Question 15

An increase in RBC that is caused by a reduction of fluid in blood, which causes a relative increase in RBC.
Common in people that are vomiting, have diarrhea or are using diuretics

This is secondary to dehydration

Answer 15

Relative polycythemia

Question 16

An increase in RBC that is due to a mutation in JAK2, Causes itching skin and increases the risk of developing a thrombus. Patients have relativly low levels of EPO

Answer 16

Polycythemia vera

Question 17

An increase in RBC of EPO either due to medication or hypoxia (increase in altitude)

Answer 17

Elevated EPO

Question 18

A reactive leukocytosis, that is common in Adolescence and young adulthood. Condidion makes atypical lymphocytes and splenomegaly.

Associated with Epstein-Barr virus (HHV6)

Answer 18

Infectious mononucleosis

Question 19

Reactive leukocytosis that causes Lymphadenitis and Granuloma formation. Caused by Bartonella henselae

Answer 19

Cat-scratch fever

Question 20

Most common NHL in children.

Pre-B cells = 4 yr olds
Pre-T cells = 15-20 yr olds

Verry agressive, Pancytopenia, Bone pain, fever, hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 20

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

Question 21

Most common NHL of adults, mainly in 60 yr old males. Indolent course, Displaces bone maorrow, involves blood. Is associated with immune abnormalities

Answer 21

Chronic lymphocyic Leukemia (CLL)

Question 22

Very common NHL of adults, mainly 60 yr old males. Similar course as CLL except it involves Lymph nodes.

Answer 22

Small lymphocytic Leukemia (SLL)

Question 23

leukemia that makes up 40% of NHL. Affects adults age 50 and up. Caused by a mutation in BCL2 gene. May transsition into B cell lymphoma

Answer 23

Follicular lymphoma

Question 24

NHL in which abnormal B-cells are found in mantle zones of lymph nodes. Adults males > 50

Answer 24

Mantle cell lymphoma

Question 25

Most common lymphoma of adults, Very agressive and rapidly fatal

Answer 25

Diffuse Large B cell lymphoma

Question 26

Fast and agressive leukemia that involves the mandible and maxillae. Common in african children. Causes distortion of the face and bone

Answer 26

Burkitt lymphoma

Question 27

Only NHL covered in this class that affects plasma cells and not B cells. Common in older adults (70). Causes punched out ostrolytic lesions and is associated with a “m-spike’ from Bence-Joens proteins

Answer 27

Multiple myeloma

Question 28

leukemia that has Reed-Sternberg cells. Starts at a single node and progresses ina predicable manner. It is painless. 70% of cases are associated with a previous EBV infection

Answer 28

Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 29

A myeloid neoplasm in which Myeloblasts lose their abiliy to differentiate. This neoplam is very agressive, Myeloblasts replace bone marrow and suppress hematopoesis

Answer 29

Acute myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Question 30

Myeloid neoplasm that replaces bone marrow. Myeloid cells can still differentiate but Hematopoesis is disordered. 40% of these neoplasms transform in AML

Answer 30

Myelodysplastic syndromes

Question 31

Myeloid neoplasm; RBC/Granulocyt/Platelet counts are proportions are abnormal. may progress into pancytopenia or splenomegaly

Answer 31

Chronic myeloproliferative disorders

Question 32

Chronic myeloproliferative disorder (Myeloid neoplasm) That causes Extramedullary hemotopesis and makes the pulp of the spleen resemble bone marrow.

Philadelphia chromosome

Answer 32

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Question 33

Chronic myeloproliferative disorder (myeloid neoplasm) That causes Extramedullary hematopoesis, splenomegaly and is often diagnosed in its late stages

Answer 33

primary myelofibrosis

Question 34

Chronic myeloproliferative disorder (myeloid neoplasm) that causes and increase in platelet production and is mostly asymptommatic.

Answer 34

Essential thrombosythemia

Question 35

What are the different types of Chronic myeloproliferative disorders

Answer 35

Chronic myelogenous Leukemia
Primary Myelofibrosis
Essential thrombocythemia
Polycythemia vera