Chapter 11 Flashcards
Occipitalfrontalis Frontal belly function
Draws scalp anteriorly , raises eyebrows, wrinkles skin horizontally as look of surprise
Occipital frontalis occipital belly function
Draw scalp posteriorly
Orbicularis oris function
Closed and protrudes lips as in kissing, compressed lips against teeth, shapes lips during speech
Zygomaticus major function
Draws angle of lips superiorly and laterally in smiling
Bucinator function
Pressed cheek against teeth and lips as in whistling, blowing and sucking
Draws corner of mouth laterally
Assists in mastication by keeping food between teeth not cheeks
Orbicularis oculi function
Closes eye
Muscles of mastication
Muscles that move mandible at TMJ
Masseter origin insertion action
O: maxilla and zygomatic arch
I: angle and ramus of mandible
A: elevated mandible as in closing mouth
Sternocleidomastoid origin insertion action RMA
O: Sternal head of manubrium of sternum, clavicular head, medial third of clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
A:
acting bilaterally, flex cervical V, extend head at Atlanto-occipital joints
Acting singularly, laterally flex neck and head to same side and rotate head to opposite side of contracting muscle
Posterior fibers of muscle can assist in head elevation
RMA: elevate sternum durinf forced inhalation
Rectus abdominus origin insertion action RMA
O: pubic crest and pubic symphysis
I: cartilage or ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process
A: flexes VC especially lumbar, compresses abdomen for defecation, urination, forced exhalation, childbirth
RMA: flexes pelvis on the VC
External oblique function
Bilaterally: compress abdomen, flex VC
Unilaterally: lateral flex VC especially lumbar, rotate VC
Internal oblique function
Together: compress abdomen, flex VC
Singly: lateral flex VC especially lumbar, rotate VC
Transversus Abdominus insertion action
I: xiphoid process, linear albea, pubis
A: compress abdomen
Rectus sheaths
Aponeuroses of ex/in oblique and transversus abdominus,
Enclosed andominus muscles
Lines Alba
Tough fibrous band from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis
Central tendon
Strong aponeuroses located near the center of muscle
External intercostals action
Contraction=elevated ribs=^anteroposterior/lat of thoracic cavity=inhalation
Relaxation=exhalation
Internal intercostals action
Contraction=ribs drawn together to further decrease anteroposterior/lateral dimensions of thoracic cavity during FORCED exhalation
What are the anterior thoracic muscles (2)
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor action RMA
Abducts scapula and rotates downward
RMA: elevates ribs 3-5 during forced inhalation when scapula fixed
Serratus Anterior origin insertion action RMA
O: ribs 1-8 or 1-9
I: vertebral border of inferior angle of scapula
A: abducts scapula and rotates upwards
RMA: elevates ribs when scapula stabilized BOXERS MUSCLES as horizontal arm movements (punching/pushing)
Boxers muscles
Serratus Anterior
Posterior thoracic muscles (3)
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
Rhomboid major
Trapezius origin insertion action RMA
O: superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae of spines C7-T12
I: clavicle and acromion of spine of scapula
A:
superior fibers:upward rotate scapula
Middle: adduct scapula
Inferior: depress and upward rotate scapula
Sup/inf: rotate scapula upward, stabilized scapula
RMA: superior fibers can extend head
Rhomboid major action
Elevates and adducts scapula and rotates downward, stabilizes scapula
Axial muscles that move humerus (2)
Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major origin insertion action
O: clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages of 2-6 sometimes 1-7
I: greater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A:
Whole: adducts/medially rotates arm
Clavicular head: flexes arm
Sternocostal head: extends flexed arm to side of trunk
Latissimus Dorsi action RMA
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint, draws arm inferiorly posteriorly
RMA: elevates VC and torso
Scapular muscles that move the humerus (6)
Deltoid
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres major
Teres minor
Deltoid origin insertion action
O: a formula extremity of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A:
Lat fiber: adduct arm at shoulder
Ant: flex/medially rotate arm at shoulder
Post: extend/laterally rotate arm at shoulder
Supraspinatus origin insertion action
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: assists deltoid in abducting arm at shoulder joint
Infraspinatus action
Laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint
Infraspinatus action
Laterally rotate arm at shoulder joint
Teres major action
Extend arm at shoulder
Assist in adduction and medial rotation of arm at shoulder
Teres minor action
Laterally rotates and extends arm at shoulder joint
Forearm flexors (3)
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Biceps brachii origin insertion action
O:
Long head: tubercle above Glenoid cavity of scapula
Short head: coracoid process of scapula
I: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeuroses
A: flexes forearm at elbow joint, supinates forearm at radioulnar joints, flexes arm at shoulder joint
Brachioradialis action
Flexes forearm at EJ, supinates and pronates forearm at radioulnar J to neutral position
Brachialis action
Flexes forearm at elbow joint
Forearm extensors (2)
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Triceps brachii origin insertion action
O:
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
Lat head: lat/post surface of humerus
Medial head: entire post surface of humerus inf to a groove for the radial nerve
I: olecranon of ulna
A: extend forearm at EJ and extend arm at shoulder joint
Anconeus origin insertion action
O: lat epicondyle of humerus
I: olecranon and superior portion of ulna shaft
A: extend forearm at EJ
Forearm pronators (1)
Pronator teres
Pronator Teres action
Pronate forearm at radioulnar joints and weakly flexes forearm at EJ
Forearm supinators (1)
Supinator
Supinator action
Supinates forearm at radioulnar joints
Flexor carpi radialis origin insertion action
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: metacarpals II and III
A: flexes and abducts (radial deviation) at WJ
Palmaris longus action
Weakly flexes hand at WJ
Flexor carpi ulnaris origin insertion action
O: medial epicondyle of humerus and sup post border of ulna
I: pisiform, hamate, and base of metacarpal V
A: flexes and adducts hand (ulnar deviation) at WJ
Flexor digitorum superficialis origin insertion action
O: medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna, ridge along lat margin or ant surface of radius
I: middle phalanx of each finger
A: flexes middle phalanx of each finger at proximal IPJ, proximal phalanx MCPJ, and hand at WJ
Extensor carpi radialis longus action
Extend and abducts hand at WJ (ulnar deviation)
Extensor digitorum origin insertion action
O: lat epicondyle of humerus
I: distal and middle phalanges of each finger
A: extends distal and middle phalanges of each finger at IPJ, proximal phalanges at MCPJ, hand at WJ
Extensor carpi ulnaris origin insertion action
O: lat epicondyle of humerus and post border of ulna
I: metacarpal V
A: extends and adducts hand at WJ (ulnar deviation)
Erector spinae (3) action
Iliocostalis cervices/thoracis/lumborum
Together: extend and Marian erect posture of VC
Singly: lat flex VC to same Sid wood contraction of respective region
Anterior scalene action
Together: (R/L/middle) elevate first ribs during deep inhalation
Middle scalene RMA
Flex cervical vertebrae, singly lat flex and slightly rotate cervical vertebrae
Posterior scalene action RMA
Together: (r/l/post) elevate second tubes during deep inhalation
RMA: flex cervical vertebrae, singly lat flex and slightly rotate cervical vertebrae
Iliopsoas psoas major origin insertion action
O: transverse processes and bodies of lumbar V
I: with iliacus into lesser trochanter of femur
A: psoas major and iliacus muscles acting together flex thigh at hip joint rotate thigh laterally and flex trunk on hip and in sitting up from supine
Gluteus Maximus origin insertion action RMA
O: iliac crest sacrum coccyx and aponeuroses of sacrospinalis
I: iliotibial tract of fascia lata and sup lat part of linea appears under trochanter of femur
A: extend thigh at hip joint and laterally rotates thigh, lock knee into extension
rMA: extends torso
Gluteus medius action
Abducts thigh at hip joint and medially rotates thigh
Adductor longus action RMA
Adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint and rotates thigh
RMA: extends thigh
Adductor magnus action
Adducts thigh at hip joint and rotates thigh
Ant part flexes thigh at hip joint
Post part extend higher hip joint
Quadriceps femoris (4) insertion action
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis/medialis/intermdedius
I: patella via quadriceps tendon and then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligaments
A: all extend leg at knees joint
Rectus femoris also flexes thigh at hip joint
Sartorius action
Weakly flexes leg at knee joint
Weakly flexes/abducts/lat rotates thigh at hip joint
Hamstrings (3)
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris origin insertion action
O: long head from Scala tuberosity, short head from linea appears of femur
I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
A: flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint
Semitendinosus action
Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint
Semimembranosus action
Flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint
Tibialis anterior origin insertion action
O: lat condyle and body of tibia and interosseous membrane
I: metatarsal I and first (medial) coneiform
A: dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint and supinates foot at interstate joints
Extensor digitorum longus origin insertion action
O: lat condyle of tibia, ant surface of fibula, and interosseous membrane
I: middle and distal phalanges of toes II-V
A: dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint and extends distal and middle phalanges of each toe at IPJ, and proximal phalanx of each toe at MTPJ
Fibularis (peroneus) longus action
Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint and pronates foot and intertarsal joints
Gastrocnemius origin insertion action
O: lat and med condyle of femur and capsule of knee
I: calcaneus by Achilles tendon
A: plantar flexes foot at ankle joint and flexes leg at knee joint
Soleus action
Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint
Flexor digitorum longus origin insertion action
O: middle third of post surface of tibia
I: distal phalanges of toes II-V
A: plantar flexes foot at ankle joint flexes distal and middle phalanges of toes II-V at IPJ and proximal phalanx of toes II-V at MCPJ
