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Biology 9 > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a Punnett square ?

A

A diagram that shows the combinations that will result from a genetic cross.

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1
Q

What is probability ?

A

The likelihood that a particular event will occur.

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2
Q

Homozygous ?

A

Organisms that have 2 identical alleles .

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3
Q

What is heterozygous ?

A

Organism that have 2 different alleles .

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4
Q

What is a phenotype ?

A

The physical characteristics

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5
Q

What is a genotype ?

A

The genetic makeup

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6
Q

What is a gene map?

A

It’s shows the relative locations of each known gene.

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7
Q

What are genetics ?

A

The scientific study of genetics

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8
Q

What is fertilization ?

A

When a male reproduction cell joins a female reproduction cell.

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9
Q

What is true-breeding ?

A

The offspring of crosses between parents with different traits .

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10
Q

What are genes ?

A

The chemical factors that determine traits.

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11
Q

What are alleles ?

A

The different forms of a gene

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12
Q

What is segregation ?

A

Separation of alleles during gamete formation .

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13
Q

What are gametes?

A

Specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction .

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14
Q

What are genetics ?

A

The scientific study of genetics

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15
Q

What is fertilization ?

A

When a male reproduction cell joins a female reproduction cell.

16
Q

What is true-breeding ?

A

The offspring of crosses between parents with different traits .

17
Q

What are genes ?

A

The chemical factors that determine traits.

18
Q

What are alleles ?

A

The different forms of a gene

19
Q

What is segregation ?

A

Separation of alleles during gamete formation .

20
Q

What are gametes?

A

Specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction .

21
Q

What are hybrids ?

A

The offspring crosses of between parents with different traits.

22
Q

What is independent assortment ?

A

Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes.

23
Q

What is incomplete dominance ?

A

When one allele is not completely dominant over the other

24
Q

What is codominance ?

A

When both alleles contribute to the phenotype

25
Q

What are multiple alleles?

A

When genes have more than 2 alleles

26
Q

What are polygenic traits ?

A

Traits controlled by 2 or more genes

27
Q

What is homologous ?

A

Chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent.

28
Q

What is a diploid?

A

A cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes .

29
Q

What are haploids?

A

One set of homologous chromosomes .

30
Q

What is meiosis ?

A

A process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes

31
Q

What are tetrads ?

A

When a chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome

32
Q

What does crossing-over mean ?

A

As homologous chromosomes pair up they exchange portions of their chromatids

Biology 9 (7 decks)

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