CHAPTER 11

Question 1

Human Resources (HR) Management

Answer 1

The specialized function
of planning how to obtain employees, oversee their training, evaluate them, and compensate them.

Question 2

Sexual Harassment

Answer 2

Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature within the workplace.

Question 3

Glass Ceiling

Answer 3

An invisible barrier attributable to subtle discrimination that keeps women and minorities out of the top positions in business.

Question 4

Work-life Balance

Answer 4

Efforts to help employees balance the competing demands of their personal and professional lives.

Question 5

Quality of Work Life (QWL)

Answer 5

An overall environment that results from job and work conditions.

Question 6

Diversity

Answer 6

All the characteristics and experiences that define each person as an individual.

Question 7

Sexism

Answer 7

Discrimination based on gender.

Question 8

Diversity and inclusion Initiatives

Answer 8

Programs and policies that help companies support diverse workforces and markets.

Question 9

Job Description

Answer 9

A statement of the tasks involved in a given job and the conditions under which the holder of a job will work.

Question 10

Job Specification

Answer 10

A statement describing the kind of person who would be best for a given job, including the skills, education, and previous experience that the job requires.

Question 11

Turnover Rate

Answer 11

The percentage of the workforce that leaves every year.

Question 12

Succession Planning

Answer 12

Workforce planning efforts that identify possible replacements for specific employees, usually senior executives.

Question 13

Employee Retention

Answer 13

Efforts to keep current employees.

Question 14

Contingent Employees

Answer 14

Nonpermanent employees, including temporary workers, independent contractors, and full-time employees hired on a probationary basis.

Question 15

Recruiting

Answer 15

The process of attracting appropriate applicants for an organization’s jobs.

Question 16

Performance Reviews

Answer 16

Periodic evaluations of employees’ work according to specific criteria.

Question 17

360-Degree Review

Answer 17

A multidimensional review
in which a person is given feedback from subordinates, peers, superiors, and possibly outside stakeholders such as customers and business partners.

Question 18

New-Employee Orientation

Answer 18

Sessions or procedures for acclimating new employees to the organization.

Question 19

Onboarding

Answer 19

Programs to help new employees get comfortable and productive in their assigned roles.

Question 20

Skills Inventory

Answer 20

A list of the skills a company needs from its workforce, along with the specific skills that individual employees currently possess.

Question 21

Compensation

Answer 21

Money, benefits, and services paid to employees for their work.

Question 22

Salary

Answer 22

Fixed cash compensation for work, usually by a yearly amount; independent of the number of hours worked.

Question 23

Wages

Answer 23

Cash payment based on the number of hours an employee has worked or the number of units an employee has produced.

Question 24

Bonus

Answer 24

A cash payment, in addition to regular wage or salary, that serves as a reward for achievement.

Question 25

Commissions

Answer 25

Employee compensation based on a percentage of sales made.

Question 26

Profit Sharing

Answer 26

The distribution of a portion of the company’s profits to employees.

Question 27

Employee Benefits

Answer 27

Compensation other than wages, salaries, and incentive programs.

Question 28

Retirement Plans

Answer 28

Company-sponsored programs for providing retirees with income.

Question 29

Pension Plans

Answer 29

Generally refers to traditional, defined-benefit retirement plans.

Question 30

401 (k) Plan

Answer 30

A defined-contribution retirement plan in which employers often match the amount employees invest.

Question 31

Employee Stock-Ownership Plan (ESOP)

Answer 31

A program that enables employees to become partial owners of a company.

Question 32

Stock Options

Answer 32

A contract that allows the holder to purchase or sell a certain number of shares of a particular stock at a given price by a certain date.

Question 33

Employee Assistance Program (EAP)

Answer 33

A company-sponsored counseling or referral plan for employees with personal problems.

Question 34

Labor Relations

Answer 34

The relationship between organized labor and management (in its role as the representative of company ownership).

Question 35

Labor Unions

Answer 35

Organizations that represent employees in negotiations with management.

Question 36

Seniority

Answer 36

The length of time someone has worked for his or her current employer, relative to other employees.

Question 37

Work Rules

Answer 37

A common element of labor contracts that specifies such things as the tasks certain employees are required to do or are forbidden to do.

Question 38

Workforce Analytics

Answer 38

The application of big data and analytics to workforce management.