Chapter 11-13 Flashcards
What percentage of the world is made up of water
70%
What percentage of the Northern Hemisphere is made up of water
60%
What percentage of the Southern Hemisphere is made up of water
80%
How long is the mid-ocean ridge
65,000 km
What are the characteristics of passive continental edges?
canyons and rivers
What do turbidity fans come from
turbidity flows
What do passive margins result in
submerged coastlines
What can generally develop a turbidity current
earthquakes
what releases from the mid-ocean ridge that attracts animals
black smoke that filled with nutrients
Photoic zone
top 300 feet of water and the only area where sunlight will penetrate
aphotic zone
area after the photoic zone where the sunlight will not penetrate
what is at the top of the photic zone and has the highest concentration of sunlight
euphotic zone
What is the name for an animal that is a bottom dweller/ bottom feeder
Benthic
what is the bottom-most part of the ocean called
abyssal plain
diatoms
a prehistoric animal that still exists today that has over 200,000 species
Copepods
the primary food of whales (think nemo)
when is the highest production of phytoplankton
between march and april
are coral reefs plants or animals
animals
What do coral reefs do to islands
they grab onto them, slowly dragging them into the sea
spring tides
- occur when the moon and sun are aligned with a particular side of the Earth
- much more pronounced than neap
Neap tides
the main influence is the moon only
which types of currents come in at an angle and move things down the beach
longshore currents
What is the most common gas in the air
nitrogen
the bottom level of the atmosphere
troposphere
2nd level of the atmosphere
stratosphere
3rd level of the atmosphere
mesosphere
top level of the atmosphere
thermosphere
what is melting
Solid→ liquid
what is sublimation
Solid → gas
what is freezing
liquid→ solid
what is evaporation
liquid → gas
What is condensation
gas → liquid
what is deposition
gas → solid
what are all the types of clouds
cirrus, cumulus, altostratus, stratus, stratocumulus, cirrocumulus, cirrostratus, cumulonimbus, altocumulus
where is tornado valley
all through the midwets
The Coriolis effect
the result of Earth’s rotation on weather patterns and ocean currents. The Coriolis effect makes storms swirl clockwise in the Southern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere
how do waves form
Waves are most commonly caused by wind
foraminifera
Because different species of foraminifera are found in different environments, paleontologists can use the fossils to determine environments in the past. Foraminifera have been used to map past distributions of the tropics, locate ancient shorelines, and track global ocean temperature changes during the ice ages.
what type of marine animal is a whale
cetacean
