Chapter 11-13 Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

What percentage of the world is made up of water

A

70%

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2
Q

What percentage of the Northern Hemisphere is made up of water

A

60%

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3
Q

What percentage of the Southern Hemisphere is made up of water

A

80%

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4
Q

How long is the mid-ocean ridge

A

65,000 km

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of passive continental edges?

A

canyons and rivers

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6
Q

What do turbidity fans come from

A

turbidity flows

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7
Q

What do passive margins result in

A

submerged coastlines

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8
Q

What can generally develop a turbidity current

A

earthquakes

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9
Q

what releases from the mid-ocean ridge that attracts animals

A

black smoke that filled with nutrients

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10
Q

Photoic zone

A

top 300 feet of water and the only area where sunlight will penetrate

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11
Q

aphotic zone

A

area after the photoic zone where the sunlight will not penetrate

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12
Q

what is at the top of the photic zone and has the highest concentration of sunlight

A

euphotic zone

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13
Q

What is the name for an animal that is a bottom dweller/ bottom feeder

A

Benthic

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14
Q

what is the bottom-most part of the ocean called

A

abyssal plain

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15
Q

diatoms

A

a prehistoric animal that still exists today that has over 200,000 species

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16
Q

Copepods

A

the primary food of whales (think nemo)

17
Q

when is the highest production of phytoplankton

A

between march and april

18
Q

are coral reefs plants or animals

19
Q

What do coral reefs do to islands

A

they grab onto them, slowly dragging them into the sea

20
Q

spring tides

A
  • occur when the moon and sun are aligned with a particular side of the Earth
  • much more pronounced than neap
21
Q

Neap tides

A

the main influence is the moon only

22
Q

which types of currents come in at an angle and move things down the beach

A

longshore currents

23
Q

What is the most common gas in the air

24
Q

the bottom level of the atmosphere

25
2nd level of the atmosphere
stratosphere
26
3rd level of the atmosphere
mesosphere
27
top level of the atmosphere
thermosphere
28
what is melting
Solid→ liquid
29
what is sublimation
Solid → gas
30
what is freezing
liquid→ solid
31
what is evaporation
liquid → gas
32
What is condensation
gas → liquid
33
what is deposition
gas → solid
34
what are all the types of clouds
cirrus, cumulus, altostratus, stratus, stratocumulus, cirrocumulus, cirrostratus, cumulonimbus, altocumulus
35
where is tornado valley
all through the midwets
36
The Coriolis effect
the result of Earth's rotation on weather patterns and ocean currents. The Coriolis effect makes storms swirl clockwise in the Southern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere
37
how do waves form
Waves are most commonly caused by wind
38
foraminifera
Because different species of foraminifera are found in different environments, paleontologists can use the fossils to determine environments in the past. Foraminifera have been used to map past distributions of the tropics, locate ancient shorelines, and track global ocean temperature changes during the ice ages.
39
what type of marine animal is a whale
cetacean