Chapter 11

Question 0

Concept mapping

Answer 0

instructional strategy that requires learners to identify, graphically display, and link key concepts

Question 1

Assess

Answer 1

To systematically and continuously collect, validate, and communicate patient data

Question 2

Critical thinking

Answer 2

Thought that is disciplined, comprehensive, based on intellectual standards, and, as a result, well-reasned; a systematic way to form and shape one’s thinking that functions purposefully and exactingly.

Question 3

Critical thinking indicators

Answer 3

evidence-based descriptions of behaviors that demonstrate that knowledge, characteristics, and skills that promote critical thinking in clinical practice

Question 4

Decision making

Answer 4

Purposeful, goal-directed effort applied in a systematic way to make a choice among alternatives.

Question 5

Evaluate

Answer 5

Measurement of the extent to which the patient has achieved the goals specified in the plan of care; factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement are identified, and the plan of care is terminated or revised.

Question 6

Expected outcomes

Answer 6

specific, measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the patient goal has been met.

Question 7

Implement

Answer 7

carry out the plan of care

Question 8

Intuitive problem solving

Answer 8

direct understanding of a situation based on a background of experience, knowledge, and skill that makes expert decision making possible

Question 9

Nursing diagnosis

Answer 9

actual or potential health problem that an independent nursing intervention can prevent or resolve. Actual problem is present. Possible problem may be present, but more data are needed to confirm or disconfirm the problem. Potential problem may occur; defining characteristics are present as risk factors.

Question 10

Nursing process

Answer 10

five-step systematic method for giving patient care; involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating.

Question 11

Plan

Answer 11

establish patient goals to prevent, reduce, or resolve the problems identified in the nursing diagnoses and determination of related nursing interventions.

Question 12

Scientific problem solving

Answer 12

Systematic problem-solving process that involves 1) problem identification 2) data collection 3) hypothesis 4) plan of action 5) hypothesis testing 6) interpretation of results 7) evaluation resulting in conclusion or revision of the study.

Question 13

Standards for critical thinking

Answer 13

clear, precise, specific, accurate, relevant, plausible, consistent, logical, deep, brad, complete, significant, adequate (for the purpose), and fair.

Question 14

Trial-and-error problem solving

Answer 14

method of problem solving that involves testing any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problem.