Chapter 11

Question 1

affirmative

Answer 1

program designed to seek out members of minority groups for positions from which they had previously been excluded, thereby seeking to overcome institutional racism

Question 2

colorism

Answer 2

skin color prejudice within an ethnoracial group, most notably between light-skinned and dark-skinned Blacks

Question 3

cultural appropriation

Answer 3

a from of exploitation in which the customs, practices or fashion of one culture is adopted by members of another culture

Question 4

discrimination

Answer 4

unfair treatment of people based on some social characteristics, such as race, ethnicity, or sex

Question 5

implicite bias

Answer 5

prejudiced attitudes or beliefs that operate at a level below conscious awareness

Question 6

institutional racism

Answer 6

laws, customs, and practices that systematically reflect and produce racial and ethnic inequalities in a society, weather or not the individuals maintaining these laws, customs, and practices have racist intentions

Question 7

panethnic labels

Answer 7

general terms applied to diverse subgroups that are assumed to have something in common

Question 8

personal racism

Answer 8

individual expression or racist attitudes or behaviors

Question 9

prejudice

Answer 9

rigidly held, unfavorable attitudes, beliefs, and feelings about members of a different groups based on social characteristics such as race, ethnicity, or gender

Question 10

quite discrimination

Answer 10

form of discrimination expressed subtly and indirectly through feelings of discomfort, uneasiness and fear which motivate avoidance rather than blatant discrimination

Question 11

race

Answer 11

category of people labeled and treated as similar because of allegedly common biological traits, such as skin color, hair texture, and eye shape

Question 12

racism

Answer 12

belief that humans are subdivided into distinct groups that are different in their social behavior and innate capacities and that can be ranked as superior or inferior

Question 13

racial transparency

Answer 13

tendency for the race of a society’s majority to be so obvious normative, and unremarkable that it becomes for all intents and purposes invisible

Question 14

sterotype

Answer 14

overgeneralized belief that a certain trait, behavior, or attitude characterizes all members of some identifiable group

Question 15

white fagility

Answer 15

phenomenon faced by white people whereby even a minimum amount of racial stress becomes intolerable and triggers an array of defensive reactions like anger, fear, guilt, and withdrawal