Chapter 11 & 12 Flashcards
Suppose you analyze a spoken vowel and find that the difference between each harmonic is 100 Hz. What is the expected period of the glottal waveform in ms?
10
Suppose you record someone producing a vowel. You examine the waveform and determine that the period is approximately 4.5 ms. Based on this information, the speaker’s fundamental frequency is most likely within the average range of which of the following:
an adult biological female
As fundamental frequency increases, distance between harmonics ____.
As distance between harmonics decreases, ability to locate the formants accurately is ____ .
increases
increased
The F1 formant is the frequency of the harmonic with the largest amplitude.
False
Longer vocal tracts have longer quarter-wave length resonances, and therefore lower formant frequencies. Using this logic, if an average adult biological female speaker producing a particular vowel had an F2 frequency of 1.2 kHz, an average biological male speaker producing the same vowel would be expected to have an F2 frequency ____ 1.2 kHz.
longer
longer
slightly less than
“Vowel Height” refers primarily to tongue position. If the tongue is raised from the neutral position, then ___ is ____ . If the tongue is lowered from the neutral position, then ___ is ____.
F1
lowered
F1
raised
“Vowel Backness” refers primarily to tongue position. If the tongue is moved forward from the neutral position, then __ is __ . If the tongue is pulled back from the neutral position, then __ is __ .
F2
raised
F2
lowered
Suppose you want to produce the vowel /i/ (as in heed). Starting with your tongue in the neutral position, you should ___ your tongue in order to ____ and you should move your tongue ___ in order to ____.
raise
lower F1
forward
raise F2
Suppose you want to produce the vowel /ɑ/ (as in hot). Starting with your tongue in the neutral position, you should ___ your tongue in order to ___ and you should move your tongue __ in order to ___.
lower
raise F1
back
lower F2
Two measures of voice quality are jitter and shimmer. Jitter is a measure of __ instability across time, while shimmer is a measure of __ instability across time.
frequency
amplitude
Fricatives produced with a constriction in the front of the mouth tend to have more energy at higher frequencies than fricatives produced with a constriction in the back of the mouth.
True
The fricative sound [z] contains only aperiodic sound.
False
Where can you not hear on an audiogram?
Anywhere above the line
As fundamental frequency decreases, distance between harmonics ____________________.
dereases
Suppose you analyze a spoken vowel and find that the difference between each harmonic is 173 Hz. What is the expected period of the glottal waveform in ms? Round to 2 decimal places.
5.78
____ flow creates audible sound that is noisy.
Turbulent
