Chapter 10A, Bacteria Flashcards
What are bacteria
Prokaryotic decomposing organisms
What is disease
Any change that affects an organism’s normal function
Do all bacteria cause disease
Not all but most
What is a decomposer
An organism that produces enzymes that can break down almost any organic substance
What is the difference between archaebacteria and eubacteria
Cell membranes are made of different lipids
Eu- contain peptidoglycan and can’t survive extreme environments
What are blue green algae called?
Cyanobacteria
What is a sphere shaped bacteria called
Coccus
What is a rod shaped bacteria called
Bacillus
What is a spiral shaped bacteria called
Spirillium
What are industrial uses for bacteria
Cheese, yogurt, sauerkraut, alcohol, and vinegar. They can also make vitamin B12 and C
What is the main function of a bacteria’s cell membrane
To control the flow of substances in and out of the cell
What is the gummy complex of carbs outside a bacteria’s cell wall
A capsule
What is the nonmembrane bound nuclear area called
Nucleoid region
Bacteria normally reproduce through _____
Binary fission
When a bacteria picks up DNA free in the environment it is called _____
Transformation
The genetic transfer of a bacteria by a virus is called _____
Transduction
The virus involved in transduction is called _____
A bacteriophage
Autotrophs can be _____synthetic or _____synthetic
Photosynthetic or chemosynthetic
What is special about bacteriochlorophyll
It is red or brown and does not require as much light as normal chlorophyll
Heterotrophic bacteria are either _____ or _____
Parasitic (feeding on the living) or saprophytic (feeding on the dead)
What conditions affect bacterial growth
Moisture, temperature, pH levels, and nutrition
What do some bacteria form when they are exposed to unfavorable conditions
An endospore
Obligate / Facultative Aerobes / Anaerobes Which requires no oxygen Which requires oxygen Which can grow with or without
Obligate anaerobes
Obligate aerobes
Facultative anaerobes
How can you control bacterial growth
Canning, salting, refrigeration, dehydration, and radiation
