Chapter 10 Vocab Flashcards
Condition caused by elevated CSF pressure
Hydrocephalus
A local anesthetic is given and a long needle is inserted into the subarachnoid space
Spinal Tap
Damage to the cerebellum through trauma or disease disrupts muscle coordination
Ataxia
Inability to use or comprehend words
Aphasia
Damage or disease of lower motor neurons; affects muscles on same side of body
Flaccid paralysis
Injury or disease of upper motor neurons; affects muscles on opposite side of body
Spastic paralysis
Paralysis of one limb only
Monoplegia
Paralysis of both upper limbs
Diplegia
Paralysis of both lower limbs
Paraplegia
Paralysis of the upper limb, trunk, and lower limb on one side of the body
Hemiplegia
Paralysis of all four limbs
Quadriplegia
Acute infection of the peripheral nervous system caused by herpes zoster
Shingles
Progressive degenerative disease that attacks motor areas of the cerebral cortex, axons of upper motor neurons, and lower motor neuron cell bodies
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Characterized by abrupt onset of persisting symptoms, such as paralysis or loss of sensation; arise from destruction of brain tissue
Stroke
Episode of temporary cerebral dysfunction caused by impaired blood flow to part of the brain
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
Caused by a virus called poliovirus; fever, severe headache, stiff neck and back, muscle pain/weakness, loss of somatic reflexes
Poliomyelitis (polio)
Progressive disorder of the CNS that typically affects its victims around age 60
Parkinson’s disease
Slowness of movements
Bradykinesia
Decreasing range of motion
Hypokinesia
Disabling senile dementia, the loss of reasoning and ability to care for oneself, affects about 11% of the population over 65
Alzheimer’s Disease
Pain relief
Analgesia
Loss of sensation
Anesthesia
A state of wakefulness in which an individual is fully alert, aware, and oriented
Consciousness
Permanent or progressive general loss of intellectual abilities; impairment of memory, judgement; changes in personality
Dementia
An acute inflammation of the brain caused by either a direct attack by any several viruses or an allergic reaction to any of the many viruses that are normally harmless to the CNS
Encephalitis
Injection of an anesthetic drug into the epidural space, between the dura mater and vertebral column, to cause temporary loss of sensation
Epidural block
Inflammation of the meninges
Meningitis
Loss of sensation due to injection of a local anesthetic; local dental anesthesia
Nerve block
Attacks of pain along the entire length or branch of a peripheral sensory nerve
Neuralgia
Occurs after a viral infection, particularly chickenpox or influenza; characterized by vomiting and brain dysfunction that may progress to coma and death
Reye syndrome
A type of neuritis characterized by severe pain along the path of the sciatic nerve or its branches
Sciatica
