CH19 Vocab Flashcards
An acute inflammation of the peritoneum
Peritonitis
all traces of pulp tissue are removed from the pulp cavity and root canals of a badly diseased tooth
Root canal therapy
Stomach contents can back up (reflux) into the lower esophagus
GERD
Forcible expulsion of the contents of the upper GI tract through the mouth
Vomiting
fatal disease affecting people over 50 years of age of the pancreatic
Pancreatic cancer
crystallized components of bile; cause obstruction to bile flow
Gallstones
Shock-wave therapy that smashes the gallstones into small particles
Lithotripsy
the removal of the gallbladder and its contents
Cholecystectomy
Undigested lactose in chyme retains fluid in the feces
Lactose intolerance
Slow-developing benign growths that arise from the mucosa of the large intestine
Polyps in the colon
An increase in the frequency, volume, and fluid content of the feces caused by increased motility of and decreased absorption by the intestines
Diarrhea
Infrequent or difficult defecation caused by decreased motility of the intestines
Constipation
The medical speciality that deals with the structure, function, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the stomach and intestines
Gastroenterology
Indigestible plant substances found in fruit, veggies, beans, grains
Dietary fiber
Structural parts of plants that do not dissolve in water
Insoluble fiber
dissolves in water; forms gel that slows passage thru tract
Soluble fiber
Tooth decay (demineralization of enamel and dentin)
Dental caries
Conditions characterized by inflammation and degeneration gums, bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum
Periodontal disease
5-10% of the U.S. population develop this
PUD
A craterlike lesion in a membrane
Ulcer
Ulcers developed in areas of GI tract exposed to acidic gastric juice
Peptic ulcer
Inflammation of the appendix
Appendicitis
Amount deadliest of cancers; caused by inherited disposition, alcohol, animal fat & protein
Colorectal cancer
Development of saclike outpouchings of the wall of the colon
Diverticulosis
Inflammation associated with diverticulosis
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of the liver caused by drugs, viruses and chemicals
Hepatitis
Spread by fecal contamination (fecal-oral route); not lasting damage
Hepatitis A
Spread by sexual contact and contaminated syringes/transfusion equipment; saliva or tears
Hepatitis B
Spread by blood transfusions; can cause liver cancer and cirrhosis
Hepatitis C
Spread like B; person must have B to contract
Hepatitis D
Spread like A; very death rate in pregnant women
Hepatitis E
Chronic disorder by self induced weight loss, negative perception of body image, and physiological changes from nutrition depletion
Anorexia nervosa
A disorder characterized by overreacting at least twice a week followed by self inducing vomiting, vigorous exercise
Bulimia
Painful ulcer on the mucous membrane of the mouth; females > males
Canker sore
Autoimmune inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecystitis
Distorted or scarred liver as a result of hepatitis, alcoholism, chemicals, parasites
Cirrhosis
Diversion of the fecal stream through an opening in the colon; surgical “stoma”
Colostomy
Disorder that exists in two forms: Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammation of the GI tract that may extend from the mucosa through the serosa
Crohn’s disease
Inflammation of the mucosa of the GI tract; large intestine and rectal bleeding
Ulcerative colitis
Disease of the entire GI tract; reacts to stress by developing symptoms associated with diarrhea or constipation
Irritable bowel syndrome
Condition in which the surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth fit together poorly
Malocclusion
Discomfort characterized by a loss of appetite and sensation of impending vomit
Nausea
Infectious disease of the GI tract resulting in loose, urgent bowel movements
Traveler’s diarrhea
