Chapter #10 - Unit #3 Flashcards
What was the work of Jean Lamarck?
Noted that fossils of various species showed that earlier forms were different from current forms, therefore, species changed over time. Inheritance of acquired characteristic theory.
What was the work of Herbert Spencer?
Applied the notion of evolution to everything.
Through evolution, differentiation occurs.
A person persists behaviors that help survival, and stop behaviors that cause painful feelings.
What is the Spencer-Bain principle?
The frequency or probability of a behavior increases if it is followed by a pleasurable event and decreases if it is followed by a painful event.
What was Darwin’s theory of evolution?
Struggle for survival - reproductive capacity of all living organisms allows for many more offspring than can survive in a given environment.
Disagreed with the church about the earth’s age.
What is the Binet-Simon scale of Intelligence?
Consisted of 30 tests ranging in difficulty from simple eye movements to abstract definitions. Measured motor capabilities and cognitive abilities. Given to children between the ages of 2 and 12. Next set out to determine average, below average, and above average intelligence.
What did Binet think about the IQ scale?
He opposed the use of it. He believed intelligence is to complex to be represented by a simple term or number.
What did Spearman find about intelligence?
Individuals differ in their competence in things like math, language, and music.
General intelligence is determined by inheritance.
2 factor theory: specific ability and general intelligence.
What did Goddard believe about intelligence?
That if someone did bad things, they would not be intelligent.
Opted into sterilization laws for the unintelligent so they could not reproduce.
Immigrants who were not intelligent were deported.
What was Leta Stetter Hollingworth concerned with?
Developing educational strategies that would ensure the developmental well-being of gifted students.
Believed social roles impacted women.
