Chapter 10: Transforming And Transferring Energy Flashcards
Energy
Describes anything “that can do work”
Law of conservation of energy
Energy that cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.
Gravitational Energy
Potential energy of an object elevated above the ground
Elastic Energy
Energy stored by a elastic object that is stretched, such as an elastic band.
Chemical Energy
Energy stored in chemicals that when reacted together such as in burning reactions, release heat, sound or light.
Nuclear Energy
Energy stored in the nucleus of atoms that can release energy slowly.
Electrical Energy
Energy made available through the flow of charge through a conductor.
Potential Energy
Stored Energy that when released, is converted to other forms such as kinetic,sound, heat or light energy,
Kinetic Energy
Energy possessed by objects that are moving
Heat Energy
Energy that causes objects to gain temperature.
Light Energy
Energy that may be released for example when an object is hot or by a nuclear reaction in a star.
Sound Energy
Energy carried by the air in the room and detected by the ear.
Efficiency
The fraction of energy supplied to a device as useful energy.
Conductors
The transferring of heat through collision between particles
Insulator
A material which is a poor conductor
Convection
Transfer of heat through the flow of particles
Radiation
A method of heat transfer that does not require particles to transfer heat
Radiant heat
Heat transferred by radiation as sun to earth.
Deciduous
Describes plants which lose their leaves during autumn and winter.
Luminous
Something which releases its own light
Incandescent
Describes object which project light when hot.
Bioluminescent
Describes living things that release light energy
Non- luminous
Describes objects which don’t project their own light however they can be seen by reflected light.
Scattered
Describes light which are sent in many directions.
Rays
Narrow beams of light
Concave
Referring to a lens that is curved inwards
Convex
A lens which are bent outwards
Focal point
The point where light rays close in towards a point.
Lateral inversion
Sideway reversal of images in a mirror.
Refraction
Change in the speed of light as it passes from one substance to another.
Normal
A line drawn perpendicular to a surface at the point where light rays meet it.
Image
Picture of an object
Vibrations
Repeated fast, back and forth movements
Compression
The process of pushing a material into itself
Rarefactions
The layers of air particles which are spread apart in sound waves
Sound waves
Vibrations of particles in the air
Frequency
The number of vibrations in one second
Hertz
The unit of frequency
Pitch
The highness or lowness of a sound. The pitch which you hear depends on he frequency of vibrating air.
Wavelengths
The distance between two neighbouring compressions.
Amplitude
The maximum distance a particle moves away from its position
Reverberation
Longer lasting sound cause from repeated reflection from hard surfaces.
