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Anatomy > Chapter 10 test > Flashcards

Chapter 10 test Flashcards

1
Q

What is a syndesmosis?

A

A fibrous joint that connects two parallel bones.

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2
Q

What is a suture?

A

A fibrous joint that connects two bones with fibrous tissue.

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3
Q

What is a gomphosis?

A

A fibrous joint where a conical-shaped structure fits into a socket.

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4
Q

What type of joint is an amphiarthrosis?

A

A cartilaginous joint.

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5
Q

What is a synchondrosis?

A

A hyaline cartilage joint that connects two bones.

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6
Q

What is a symphysis?

A

A joint with a pad or disk of cartilage.

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7
Q

What type of joint is a diarthrosis?

A

A synovial type joint.

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8
Q

What is uniaxial movement?

A

Movement in one plane, such as hinge and pivot joints.

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9
Q

What is biaxial movement?

A

Movement in two perpendicular planes, such as condyloid and saddle joints

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10
Q

What is multiaxial movement?

A

Movement in three or more planes, such as ball and socket and gliding joints.

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11
Q

What is the radioulnar joint?

A

A synovial pivot-type joint that follows the supination and pronation of the forearm.

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12
Q

What is the radiocarpal joint?

A

A synovial joint in the forearm that connects the wrist to the hand.

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13
Q

What is the intercarpal joint?

A

A synovial joint that connects the carpal bones to the wrist.

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14
Q

What is the carpometacarpal joint?

A

A synovial saddle-shaped joint that connects the hand to the thumb and allows it to move freely.

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15
Q

What is the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

A synovial condyloid/biaxial joint that connects the metacarpals and the phalanges.

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16
Q

What is an interphalangeal joint?

A

A synovial hinge joint responsible for the bending of the fingers, including distal and proximal joints.

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17
Q

What are vertebral joints?

A

Gliding cartilaginous joints that help with weight bearing in the back.

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18
Q

What is a goniometer?

A

A tool used for measuring range of motion (ROM).

19
Q

What type of joint is the intercarpal joint?

A

A biaxial joint.

20
Q

What is the largest joint in the body?

A

The knee.

21
Q

Why is the knee considered complex?

A

It is one of the most complex joints in the body and is not protected by muscle, making it easier to injure.

22
Q

What is the function of the ankle?

A

The ankle evolved to be weight bearing.

23
Q

What happens during internal rotation of the knee?

A

It causes a sprain, while external rotation can cause a break.

24
Q

What type of joints are hinge joints?

A

Hinge joints are considered uniaxial.

25
Q

What is circular movement?

A

Arc-like movement around an axis.

26
Q

What is gliding movement?

A

The simplest of all joint movements.

27
Q

Which joints use gliding movement?

A

Intertarsal, intercarpal, and vertebral joints.

28
Q

What is bursitis?

A

Inflammation of the bursa, which can be caused by prolonged pressure, repetition, or trauma.

29
Q

What is osteoarthritis?

A

A degenerative joint disease characterized by wear and tear of the articular cartilage.

30
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A

A noninflammatory disease that occurs when a synovial membrane swells and thickens.

31
Q

What type of joints are synovial joints?

A

They are the most flexible joints.

32
Q

What is angular movement?

A

Change in the size of the angle between articulation bones.

33
Q

What is flexion?

A

The decrease in angle between bones.

34
Q

What is extension?

A

The increase in the angle between bones.

35
Q

What is hyperextension?

A

Stretching beyond the anatomical position.

36
Q

What is adduction?

A

Movement towards the medial plane.

37
Q

What is abduction?

A

Movement away from the medial plane.

38
Q

What is rotation?

A

Pivoting a bone on its own axis.

39
Q

What is circumduction?

A

The distal end moves in a circle.

40
Q

What is supination?

A

Turning the palm upwards.

41
Q

What is pronation?

A

Turning the palm downwards.

42
Q

What are special movements?

A

Movements that don’t really fall into another category.

43
Q

What are the three types of joints?

A
  1. Synarthroses (fibrous) 2. Amphiarthroses (cartilaginous) 3. Diarthroses (synovial)
44
Q

What are the four types of synovial joint movements?

A
  1. Angular 2. Circular 3. Gliding 4. Special

Anatomy (4 decks)

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