Chapter 10 Reverse Flashcards
1
Q
water
A
aque/o
2
Q
eyelid
A
blephar/o
3
Q
conjunctiva (to join together)
A
conjunctiv/o
4
Q
cornea
A
corne/o, kerat/o
5
Q
circle, ciliary body
A
cycl/o
6
Q
colored circle, iris
A
ir/o, irid/o
7
Q
tear
A
lacrim/o, dacry/o
8
Q
eye
A
ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o
9
Q
lens (lentil)
A
phac/o, phak/o
10
Q
light
A
phot/o
11
Q
old age
A
presby/o
12
Q
retina
A
retin/o
13
Q
hard or sclera
A
scler/o
14
Q
glassy
A
vitre/o
15
Q
condition of vision
A
NAME?
16
Q
fluid-filled space between the cornea and iris
A
anterior chamber
17
Q
watery liquid secreted by the ciliary process that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris and lens (humor = fluid)
A
aqueous humor
18
Q
duct in the anterior chamber that carries filtered aqueous humor to the veins and bloodstream
A
canal of schlemm
19
Q
vascular layer beneath the sclera that provides nourishment to the outer portion of the retina
A
choroid
20
Q
ring of tissue behind the peripheral iris that is composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes
A
ciliary body
21
Q
smooth muscle portion of the ciliary body, which contracts to assist in near vision
A
ciliary muscle
22
Q
epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of the ciliary body that secrete aqueous humor
A
ciliary processes
23
Q
mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball
A
conjunctiva
24
Q
transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract (bend) light to focus a visual image
A
cornea
25
movable, protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye
eyelid (palpebra)
26
pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lutea that is the site of sharpest vision
fovea centralis
27
interior surface of the eyeball, including the retina, optic disk, macula, and posterior pole (curvation at the back of eye)
fundus
28
oil glands surrounding the eyelashes
glands of Zeis
29
oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids
meibomian glands
30
colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil
iris
31
gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears
lacrimal gland
32
tube that carry tears to the lacrimal sac
lacrimal duct
33
structure that collects tears before emptying into the nasolacrimal duct
lacrimal sac
34
transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays on the retina
lens
35
capsule that encloses the lens
lens capsule
36
central region of the retina; responsible for central vision; yellow pigment provides its color
macula lueta (macula)
37
passageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nose
nasolacrimal duct
38
exit site of retinal nerve fibers as well as entrance point for retinal arteries and exit point for retinal veins
optic disk
39
nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain
Optic nerve
40
space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber; filled with aqueous humor
posterior chamber
41
black, circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye
pupil
42
innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve
retina
43
cone-shaped cells within the retina that are color sensitive and respond to bright light
cones
44
rod-shaped cells within the retina that respond to dim light
rod
45
tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve
sclera
46
mesh-like structure in the anterior chamber that filters the aqueous humor as it flows into the canal of schlemm
trabecular meshwork
47
jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye
vitreous
48
eyestrain
asthenopia
49
involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the eye causing uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing
blepharospasm
50
double vision
diplopia
51
abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs
exophthalmos or exophthalmus
52
secretion of tears
lacrimation
53
involuntary, rapid, oscillating movement of the eyeball
nystagmus
54
extreme sensitivity to, and discomfort from light
photophobia
55
blind spot in vision
scotoma
56
defects in the bending of light as it enters the eye, causing an improper focus on the retina
refractive errors
57
distorted vision caused by an oblong or cylindrical curvature of the lens or cornea that prevents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina
astigmatism
58
farsightedness; difficulty seeing close objects when light rays are focused on a point behind the retina
hyperopia
59
nearsightedness; difficulty seeing distant objects when light rays are focused on a point in front of the retina
myopia
60
impaired vision caused by old age or loss of accommodation
presbyopia
61
ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects
accommodation
62
decreased vision in early life because of a functional defect that can occur as a result of strabismus, refractive errors (when one eye is more nearsighted, farsighted or astigmatic than the other), or trauma; usually occurs in one year; also known as lazy eye
amblyopia
63
absence of the lens, usually after cataract extraction
aphakia
64
inflammation of the eyelid
blepharitis
65
baggy eyelid; overabundance and loss of skin elasticity on the upper eyelid causing a fold of skin to hang down over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open
blepharochalasis; dermatochalasis
66
drooping of the eyelid; usually caused by paralysis
blepharoptosis; ptosis
67
chronic nodular inflammation of a meibomian gland, usually the result of a blocked duct; commonly presents as swelling on the upper or lower eyelid
chalazion
68
opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision
Cataract
69
pinkeye; inflammation of the conjunctiva
Conjunctivitis
70
inflammation of the lacrimal gland
dacryoadentitis
71
inflammation of the tear sac
dacryocystitis
72
disease of the retina in diabetics characterized by capillary leakage, bleeding, and a new vessel formation (neovascularization) leading to scarring and loss of vision
diabetic retinopathy
73
outward turning of the rim of the eyelid
ectropion
74
inward turning of the rim of the eyelid
enteropion
75
abnormal overflow of tears cause by blockage of the lacrimal duct
epiphora
76
group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the optic nerve, producing defects in vision
glaucoma
77
sty; an acute infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid
hordeolum
78
inflammation of the iris
iritis
79
inflammation of the cornea
keratitis
80
breakdown or thinning of the tissues in the macula, resulting in partial or complete loss of central vision
macular degeneration
81
an eye in which the natural lens is replaced with an artificial lens implant
pseudophakia
82
fibrous, wing-shaped growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea, developing most commonly from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light
pterygium
83
separation of the retina from the underlying epithelium, disrupting vision and resulting in blindness if not repaired surgically
retinal detachment
84
inflammation of the retina
retinitis
85
a condition of eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance
strabismus, heterotropia
86
right or left eye deviates inward, toward nose
esotropia
87
right or left eye deviated outward, away from nose
exotropia
88
inflammation of the sclera
scleritis
89
misdirected eyelashes that rub on the conjunctiva or cornea
trichiasis
90
measure of the ability to see the details and shape of identifiable objects from a specified distance, usually from 20 feet (6 meters); normal distance visual acuity is 20/20 (6/6)
distance visual acuity
91
visualization and photography of retinal and choroidal vessels made as fluorescein dye, which is injected into a vein, circulates through the eye
fluorescein angiography
92
use of an opthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye
ophthalmoscopy
93
use of a tabletop microscope used to examine the eye, especially the cornea, lens, fluids and membranes
slit lamp biomicroscopy
94
use of high-frequency sound waves to detect pathology within the eye
sonography
95
use of a tonometer to measure intraocular pressure, which is elevated in glucoma
tonometry
96
surgical repair of an eyelid
blepharoplasty
97
excision of a cloudy lens from the eye
cataract extraction
98
use of intense cold to seal a hole or tear in the retina; used to treat retinal detachment
cryoretinopexy (cryopexy)
99
excision of a lacrimal sac
dacryocystectomy
100
excision of an eyeball
enucleation
101
excision of a portion of iris tissue
iridectomy
102
incision into the iris (usually with a laser) to allow drainage of aqueous humor from the posterior to anterior chamber; use to treat a type of glaucoma
iridotomy
103
corneal transplantation; replacement of a diseased or scarred cornea with a healthy one from a matched donor
keratoplasty
104
use of a laser to make incisions or destroy tissues; used to create fluid passages or obliterate tumors, aneurysms, etc
laser surgery
105
a technique using the excimer laser to reshape the surface of the cornea to correct refractive error (e.g. myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism)
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASKIS)
106
implantation of an artificial lens to replace a defective natural lens (e.g. after cataract extraction)
intraocular lens (IOL) implant
107
use of ultrasound to shatter and break up a cataract, with aspiration and removal
phacoemulsification
108
surgery to treat retinal detachment by placing a band of silicone around the sclera to cinch it toward the middle of the eye and relieve pull on the retina; often combined with other techniques to seal retinal tears (i.e. cryoretinopexy)
scleral buckling
109
small, plastic, curved disk with optical correction that fits over the cornea; used to correct refractive errors
contact lens
110
introduction of a medicated solution in the eye, usually administered by a drop (gt) or drops (gtt) in the affected eye or eyes
eye instillation
111
washing of the eye with water or other fluid (e.g. saline)
eye irrigation
112
antimicrobial agent in solution; used to treat bacterial infections
antibiotic ophthalmic solution
113
agent that paralyzes the ciliary muscle and the powers of accommodation; commonly used in pediatric eye examinations
cycloplegic
114
agent that causes dilation of the pupil; used for certain eye examinations
mydriatic
115
agent that causes the pupil to contract
miotic
