Chapter 10 Respiration and Artificial Ventilation Flashcards
alveolar ventilation
the amount of air that reacher the alveoli
artifcial ventilation
forcing air or oxygen into the lungs when a patient has stopped breathing or has inadequate breathing. Also called positive pressure ventilation.
automatic transport ventilator (ATV)
a device that provides positive pressure ventilation. It includes settings designed to adjust ventilation rate and volume, is portable, and is easily carried on an ambulance.
bag-valve-mask (BVM)
a handheld device with a face mask and self-refilling bag that can be squeezed to provide artificially ventilations to a patient. It can deliver air from the atmosphere or oxygen from a supplemental oxygen supply system.
cellular respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and circulating blood
cyanosis
a blue or gray color resulting from lack of oxygen in the body
diffusion
a process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
flowmeter
a valve that indicates the flow of oxygen in liters per minute
humidifier
a device connected to the flowmeter to add moisture to the dry oxygen coming from an oxygen cylinder
hypoxia
insufficiency of oxygen in the body’s tissues
nasal cannula
a device that delivers a low concentration of oxygen through two prongs that rest in the patient’s nostrils
nonrebreather mask (NRB)
a face mask and reservoir bag device that delivers high concentrations of oxygen. The patient’s exhaled air escapes through a valve and is not rebreathed.
oxygen cylinder
a cylinder filled with oxygen under pressure
partial rebreather mask
a face mask and reservoir oxygen bag with no on-way valve to the reservoir bag so some exhaled air mixes with the oxygen; used in some patients to help preserve carbon dioxide levels in the blood to stimulate breathing
pressure regulator
a device connected to an oxygen cylinder to reduce cylinder pressure so it is safe for delivery of oxygen to a patient
pulmonary respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood in the pulmonary capillaries
respiration
the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood and between the blood and the cells
respiratory arrest
when breathing completely stops
respiratory distress
increased work of breathing, a sensation of shortness of breath
stoma
a permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the patient breathes
tracheostomy mask
a device designed to be placed over a stoma or tracheostomy tube to provide supplemental oxygen
ventilation
breathing in and out or artificial provision of breaths
venturi mask
a face mask and reservoir bag device that delivers specific concentrations of oxygen by mixing oxygen with inhaled air
