Chapter 10 - Race And Ethnicity Flashcards
What is ethnicity?
A. the physical manifestation of racial difference
B. any biologically grounded features of a group of people
C. any group outside the white, English-speaking majority
D. the cultural practices and outlooks of a given community that have emerged historically and tend to set people apart
D. the cultural practices and outlooks of a given community that have emerged historically and tend to set people apart
Racism that is embedded in the very structure and operation of society is called
A. structural racism.
B. institutional racism.
C. formal racism.
D. modern racism.
B. institutional racism.
Which of the following is a characteristic of minority groups?
A. The members speak English as a second language.
B. The members have no sense of group solidarity.
C. The members find themselves in a position of inequality within a society.
D. The members tend to live and work in mostly white neighborhoods.
C. The members find themselves in a position of inequality within a society.
The term that describes the differences in human physical characteristics used to categorize large numbers of individuals is:
A. ethnicity
B. ethnocentrism
C. race
D. racism
C. race
Which of the following statements concerning race is TRUE?
A. Race can be understood as a classification system that assigns individuals and groups to categories that are ranked or hierarchical.
B. There are clear-cut physical differences between races.
C. The genetic diversity between races is greater than the genetic diversity within them.
D. There are four clearly defined races into which humans
A. Race can be understood as a classification system that assigns individuals and groups to categories that are ranked or hierarchical.
Although Scott, an African American, was more qualified than Bernardo, a Hispanic American, Bernardo was hired instead of Scott because the owner believed that Hispanic Americans are harder workers than African Americans. Denying Scott the job is an example of: A. prejudice B. discrimination C. displacement D. institutional racism
B. discrimination
Joan believes that most drug dealers are black. She continues to hold this belief even though she learned in sociology class that research shows more people sell drugs than black people. This attitude is an example of:
A. prejudice
B. discrimination
C. segregation
D. institutional racism
A. prejudice
The planned destruction of a particular group, on the grounds of group members’ ethnicity, religion, culture, or political views is called
A. a genocide.
B. a hate crime.
C. assimilation.
D. segregation.
A. a genocide.
The process by which a society’s understandings of race are used to classify individuals or groups of people is called
A. racialism.
B. racism.
C. racialization.
D. racial identification.
C. racialization.
How does the experience of African-Americans in American cities compare with that of other minority groups?
A. African-Americans have more political representation but less economic wealth.
B. Segregation and poverty have not been reduced in the way they have been for other groups.
C. African-Americans have more wealth and more likely to live in the suburbs than other immigrant groups.
D. African-Americans have been much less involved in the public sector than immigrant groups ,but they have more wealth than other immigrant groups.
B. Segregation and poverty have not been reduced in the way they have been for other groups.
Ethnicity
Cultural values and norms that distinguish the members of a given group from others. An ethnic group is one whose members share a distinct awareness of a common cultural identity, separating them from other groups
Race
Differences in human physical characteristics used to categorize large groups of individuals
Theory of radical formation
The process by which social, economic, and political forces determine the content and importance of racial categories
Racialization
The process by which understandings of race are used to classify individuals of groups of people
Scientific racism
The use of scientific research or data to justify beliefs about the superiority or inferiority of particular racial groups
Institutional racism
Patterns of discrimination based on ethnicity that have become structured into social institutions
Prejudice
The holding of preconceived ideas about an individual or group, ideas that are resistant to change even in the face of new information. Prejudice may be positive or negative
Discrimination
Behavior that denies to the members of a particular group resources or rewards that can be obtained by others.
Displacement
The transferring of ideas or emotions from their true source to another object
Scapegoats
Individuals or groups blamed for wrongs that were not of their doing
Genocide
The systematic, planned destruction of a racial, ethnic, religious, political, or cultural group
Segregation
The practice of keeping racial and ethnic groups physically separate
Assimilation
The acceptance of a minority group by a majority population in which e new group takes on the values and norms of the dominant culture.
Melting pot
The idea that ethnic differences can be combined to create new patterns of behavior drawing on diverse cultural sources
Pluralism
A model for ethnic relations in which all ethnic groups in a society retain their independent and separate identities, yet share equality in the rights and powers of citizenship
Multiculturalism
The viewpoint according to which ethnic groups can exist separately and share equally in economic and political life
Immigration
The movement of people into one country from another for the purpose of settlement
Emigration
The movement of people out of one country in order to settle in another
Diaspora
The dispersion of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas, often in a forced manner or under traumatic circumstances
