Chapter 10 Photosynthesis

Question 1

Plants and other photosynthetic organisms contain cellular organelles called

Answer 1

chloroplasts

Question 2

Specialized molecular complexes in chloroplasts capture light energy that has traveled 150 million km from the sun and convert it to chemical energy that is stored in sugar and other organic molecules.

Answer 2

photosynthesis

Question 3

Photosynthesis nourishes almost the entire living world directly or indirectly. An organism acquires the organic compounds it uses for energy and carbon skeletons by one of two major modes:

Answer 3

autotrophic nutrition or heterotrophic nutrition.

Question 4

are “self-feeders” (auto- means “self,” and trophos means “feeder”); they sustain themselves without eating anything derived from other living beings

Answer 4

Autotrophs

Question 5

They are the ultimate sources of organic compounds for all nonautotrophic organisms, and for this reason, biologists refer to autotrophs as the

Answer 5

producers of the biosphere.

Question 6

Almost all plants are autotrophs; the only nutrients they require are

Answer 6

water and minerals from the soil and carbon dioxide from the air.

Question 7

plants are __________________, organisms that use light as a source of energy to synthesize organic substances

Answer 7

photoautotrophs

Question 8

Photosynthesis also occurs in

Answer 8

algae, certain unicellular eukaryotes, and some prokaryotes

Question 9

obtain organic material by the second major mode of nutrition

Answer 9

Heterotrophs

Question 10

Heterotrophs are the biosphere’s

Answer 10

consumers

Question 11

The Earth’s supply of fossil fuels was formed from remains of organisms that died

Answer 11

hundreds of millions of years ago