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brannigan's building construction for the fire service > Chapter 10 - Ordinary Construction > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Ordinary Construction Flashcards

1
Q

Chief common characteristic of ordinary construction

A

Exterior walls made of masonry

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2
Q

What plastic structural members add another layer of fire safety problems

A

Open cell polystyrene panels

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3
Q

What are a hint that a cockloft exists

A

Ventilators

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4
Q

In a downtown business or commercial building what walls are the bearing walls

A

Side walls

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5
Q

Interior masonry walls or a column girder and beam system must be used for a four greater than what width

A

25 ft

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6
Q

Were these are visible they indicate where the wall is strongest and we’re not to attempt to breach the wall

A

Masonry column

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7
Q

Terracotta is used in what type of facings

A

Ornamental

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8
Q

Ordinary masonry walls have no resistance to what type of movement

A

Lateral

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9
Q

When is an example of a hazard of early fireproof buildings that can be found in ordinary construction

A

Unsupported marble stairs

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10
Q

What four areas are the problems presented to the fire department by ordinary construction

A

Masonry wall problems

Stability of the interior column, girder, and beam system

Void spaces

The masonry wall as a barrier to fire extension

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11
Q

If the source of smoke cannot be found where should you check

A

Check for plastic insulation in the walls

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12
Q

A beam that carries weight of the wall above an opening it’s called what

A

Lintel

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13
Q

What is often an indicator of poor brickwork

A

Parging

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14
Q

Parapit walls are particularly subject to what

A

Weather deterioration

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15
Q

A horizontal crack may indicate that the wall is being what

A

Pushed out by steel roof beams that are elongating in summer heat

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16
Q

If any arch unit is out the window or door frame then becomes what

A

Undesigned structural post and beam

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17
Q

All walls are inherently

A

Unstable

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18
Q

Three ways of stabilizing a wall

A

Buttresses or masses of masonry outside the wall

Pilasters or columns built inside the wall

Wall columns built within the wall

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19
Q

Concrete is inherently

A

Non-combustible

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20
Q

What is a basic sign that a wall is distressed

A

Braced

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21
Q

How can you identify a wall that was tied to the floor to make the structure more rigid

A

Spreaders in a regular pattern

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22
Q

How is an eccentric load counterbalanced

A

Tying the wall to the interior structure

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23
Q

Was suspended beams the key question is

A

What are the suspension rods tied to

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24
Q

Breaker masonry walls are often specially reinforced to resist lateral impact when

A

That separate one electrical transformer from another

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25
Q

The scoring to cut glass or gypsum board

A

Plain of weakness

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26
Q

Wooden floor beams fitted tightly into the wall may act as what

A

A series of levers on the wall

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27
Q

The interior structure consists of

A

Floors

Any necessary interior support for the floors

Any suspended loads

Roof

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28
Q

What is the only way to connect wood beams to wood girders and receive the full benefit of the time it takes the wood to burn through

A

Set the beams atop the girder

29
Q

The effective strength of the wood under fire attack is determined by what

A

Size of the thinnest portion

30
Q

What must be made whenever an opening is provided in a wooden floor

A

Beam to beam connections

31
Q

What are used to connect wooden columns and to end

A

Pintels

32
Q

What is the chief cause of failure in buildings with cast iron columns

A

Unsafe connections

33
Q

What type of floors are much more quickly consumed by fire

A

Floors with single fitness of plywood and carpeting

34
Q

The best roof is one on which

A

The roof beans rest on girders

35
Q

A firefighter stepping onto a roof as lightly as possible still imposes a momentary load on the roof at what times his at rest weight

A

At least twice

36
Q

What is a superior construction method

A

Equipment is erected on steel beams that are supported on exterior walls

37
Q

The thrust of a truss is

A

Downward

38
Q

The thrust of an arch is

A

Outward

39
Q

What type of void is exemplified by wood stud construction with gypsum interior finish

A

Partially combustible

40
Q

Which NFPA requires sprinklers in many types of combustible void spaces

A

NFPA 13

41
Q

If circumstances are fair for a bull what may accomplish extinguishment in the void

A

Expansion of steam created by hose streams hitting burning material

42
Q

Lowering the ceiling of old buildings is most easily accomplished how

A

Constructing a new ceiling

43
Q

The generation of carbon monoxide and concealed spaces can be as much as how many times greater than it would be in the open

A

50 times

44
Q

What is the flammable range of carbon monoxide

A

12.5 to 74%

45
Q

What is carbon monoxide ignition temperature

A

1128° F

46
Q

In ordinary construction rarely is any provision made to prevent the extension of fire where

A

Through stairways and hallways

47
Q

When must masonry buildings have interior bearing walls

A

When they have spans greater than 25 ft

48
Q

How are interior masonry walls distinguished from wooden interior walls

A

They have greater thickness

49
Q

When might masonry walls provide interior load carrying capacity

A

In large buildings of ordinary construction

50
Q

When should fire doors be provided

A

When openings have been made in walls to connect buildings

51
Q

What is of limited value against radiant heat on a building

A

Wired glass

52
Q

What is a structural wall that is common to two buildings

A

Party wall

53
Q

A party wall is ___ then two separate walls

A

Center

54
Q

Ordinary construction buildings are usually how many stories

A

3 to 4 stories

55
Q

Ordinary construction buildings are as tall as how many stories

A

Seven stories

56
Q

What size buildings are higher will typically have a Class I or class III standpipe system

A

Four-story buildings are higher

57
Q

What is the largest and most serious concealed space

A

Cock loft

58
Q

What is an effective tactic to stop the horizontal spread of fire in long buildings

A

Vertical ventilation, including the trench cut

59
Q

What side of the building is the parapet wall usually located on

A

Front side

60
Q

What is the worst or most dangerous wall collapse

A

When the wall breaks at ground level and falls straight out along its full height

61
Q

If you find materials different from the rest of the wall you are probably into what

A

A wall column under a major load

62
Q

When breaching a wall what type of cut do you make

A

Try triangular cut with the apex at the top

63
Q

Material that absorbs water should be stored how many feet away from masonry walls to allow for expansion

A

At least one foot away

64
Q

What should you watch for to indicate walls are in distress

A

Ornamental stars

65
Q

Exposed 2x10 solid wood joists last how many minutes

A

18 minutes

66
Q

The attachment of a half inch gypsum board ceiling raise the endurance to

A

44 minutes

67
Q

Have you volumes of boiling smoke that persist even after the visible fire has been well controlled indicate

A

Fire and a void

68
Q

Why is an alleyway dangerous to operate a hose line in

A

You cannot establish a collab zone in an alley

brannigan's building construction for the fire service (13 decks)

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