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Medical Terminology > Chapter 10- Neurology > Flashcards

Chapter 10- Neurology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

CSF

A

Cerebral spinal fluid

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1
Q

Common name for CVA

A

Stroke

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2
Q

Hypothalamus function

A

body thermostat, libido

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3
Q

Left CVA affects what side of the body

A

Right

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4
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves

A

31

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5
Q

Limbic system

A

emotions

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6
Q

Occipital lobe function

A

vision

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7
Q

Cephalalgia

A

HA

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8
Q

Another name for a sensory nerve

A

afferent or dorsal nerve root

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9
Q

In one correlates a neuron to a human arm, which part is the axon, cell body, and dendrite

A

axon- humerus, radius, ulna, cell body- hand, dendrite- phalanges

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10
Q

What are the functions of the two parts of the ans

A

fight or flight and rest

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11
Q

Define TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

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12
Q

Babinski sign

A

plantar surface of foot, child, toes spread, adult toes curl

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13
Q

NCS

A

nerve conduction study

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14
Q

Define CVA

A

cerebral vascular accident

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15
Q

Aphasia

A

unable to speak

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16
Q

Acetylcholine

A

primary neurotransmitter, released for somatic synapses, voluntary mvt

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17
Q

thalamus function

A

limbic system

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18
Q

Another name for a motor nerve

A

efferent or ventral nerve root

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19
Q

Is the dorsal root of the spinal nerve sensory or motor

A

sensory

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20
Q

Name the primary nerve to the legs

A

sciatic

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21
Q

Name the two types of nervous systems

A

somatic and autonomic

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22
Q

temporal lobe function

A

hearing and smell

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23
Q

Ataxia

A

impaired coordination for walking

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24
Q

Astrocytes

A

support the dendrites, provide blood barrier to keep harmful elements from brain

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25
Q

Endorphins

A

neuromodulators, pain relief, “runner’s high”

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26
Q

GYRI

A

folds in the brain

27
Q

Serotonin

A

neurotransmitter for the limbic system, hypothalamus, emotions, SSRI’s

28
Q

Expressive Aphasia

A

unable to speak

29
Q

Frontal lobe function

A

conscious though, resoning

30
Q

Global aphasia

A

unable to speak or comprehend

31
Q

Epinephrine

A

neurotransmitter for sympathetic NS, fight or flight

32
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves

A

12

33
Q

Parietal lobe function

A

touch, temp, pain, vibration

34
Q

HA

A

headache

35
Q

How many cervical spinal nerves

A

8

36
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram

37
Q

Medulla oblongata function

A

VS

38
Q

Filum terminal

A

extension of the meninges surrounding the spinal cord to the coccyx

39
Q

Name the second division of the nervouse system, CNS and&

A

peripheral

40
Q

Sulci

A

grooves in the brain

41
Q

Ependymal cells

A

in the ventricles, produce the CSF

42
Q

What are the parts of the ans

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

43
Q

What composes the CNS

A

Brain and spinal cord

44
Q

Name the three parts of a neuron

A

Dendrite, cell body, axon

45
Q

What are the lobes of the brain named for

A

areas of the cranium

46
Q

Name the three layers of meninges

A

Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

47
Q

Name the three main loves of the brain

A

cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla

48
Q

What is the function of the PNS

A

Voluntary mvt of extremities, cognitive thought

49
Q

What is neuropathy

A

nerve pain into an extremity

50
Q

What constitutes the white matter of the brain

A

axons

51
Q

What disease is caused by demyelination of the axons

A

MS

52
Q

What is meningitis

A

inflammation of the meninges

53
Q

What covers the brain inside the cranium

A

Meninges

54
Q

What is the space between dendrites called

A

synapse

55
Q

What is the primary function of the cerebellum

A

balance and coordination

56
Q

What is the purpose of an NCS

A

measures speed of impulse, looking for obstructions

57
Q

What disease is caused by lack of the neurotransmitter dopamine

A

Parkinson’s

58
Q

What does the left hemisphere do?

A

Logic, math, language

59
Q

What does the right hemisphere do?

A

faces, emotions, 3d structures, patterns

60
Q

What is wernickes

A

speech center

61
Q

What material covers the axons

A

myelin sheaths

62
Q

What part of the brain connects left and right

A

corpus callosum

63
Q

Where is CSF produced

A

ventricles

64
Q

What substance covers the axon allowing for transmission of impulses?

A

myelin sheath

65
Q

Where is the cerebral cortex and what color

A

gray matter, outermost layer

66
Q

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for peristalsis, blood flow, prepare the body for sexual activity, be very specific

A

parasympathetic

Medical Terminology (7 decks)

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