Chapter 10-Mediterranean Society- The Greek Phase Flashcards

0
Q

Describe Minoan society.

A
  • Linear A (script) formed
  • 2200 BCE traveling on adv. ships which were used for trading & exchanging items (exchanged wine, olive oil & wool)
  • lavish palaces served as storehouses where officials collected taxes
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1
Q

City-states called _______ form in the 9 century BCE

A

Polis

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2
Q

Why did Minoan society decline?

A

After 1700 BCE they experienced natural disasters—> replacing destroyed buildings w/ ones that had indoor plumbing & drainage systems —> attracted invaders —> foreign domination —> fall

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3
Q

Describe Mycenaean society.

A

-created Linear B from Linear A

-

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4
Q

Why did it become hard to keep stable gov’ts or agri. societies?

A

Bc of invasions & civil disturbances

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5
Q

Describe the fall of Mycenaean society.

A

Palaces fell to ruins –> population decrease & people fleeding

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6
Q

Why were polis so important?

A

They:

  • extended authority over surrounding regions
  • levied taxes on hinterlands & appropriated portion of agri. surplus to support urban population
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7
Q

Name examples of important poleis.

A

Sparta & Athens

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8
Q

Describe Sparta

A
  • intro. of helots (servants of the spartan state; role= provide agri. labor & supply Sparta with food)
  • devoted resources to be pwrfl mili. machine
  • egalitarian
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9
Q

Describe Athens.

A
  • est’d govt based on democratic principles
  • citizenship open to all residents
  • only free adult males played role in public affairs
  • 6 cent. BCE ppl unhappy with social structure
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10
Q

What the Athenian democracy like?

A
  • under leadership of Pericles

- became democratic bc of reforms

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11
Q

Around 800 BCE poleis emerge as ________ in Greece .

A

Centers of political organization.

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12
Q

When and where were he first Greek colonies est’d? Describe these colonies.

A

In central Mediterranean during the early 8th century BCE;

  • didn’t build a centralized imperial state
  • relied on their own resources & charted their own courses
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13
Q

What were the effects of Greek colonization?

A
  • sponsored more communication, interaction & exchange

- Greek language & cultural tradtions spread ~ Mediterranean

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14
Q

What was the Persian wars?

A

It was a revolt against Persian rule & it expelled the Achaemenid administrators which took
place in 500 BCE

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15
Q

After the Persian wars, the _________ formed. Why was this created, what was its purpose?

A

The Delian League; it’s purpose was to discourage Persian acts in Greece.

16
Q

What is the Peloponnesian War?

A

It was the war that broke out between Sparta & Athens that took place from 431-404 BCE

17
Q

The kingdom of Macedonia’s population consisted of?

A

Cultivators & shepards who migrated seasonallly.

18
Q

What happened in Macedonia under the reign of King Philip II?

A
  • built pwrfl mili. machine

- mili. consisted of infantry & calvary

19
Q

After assassination of king Phillip the power fell to his son ________. What happened under the reign of the new ruler?

A

Alexander of Macedon (aka Alex the Great) under his reign:

  • he took over many places in preparation to invade Persia
  • couldn’t conquer Persia bc troops didn’t wanna go far from home
20
Q

What were the Hellenistic empires?

A

The Antigonid empire, the Ptolemaic empire, the Seleucid empire

21
Q

What was family & society like in Greece?

A
  • patriarchal

- chattel slavery

22
Q

What were the 3 philosophers in classical Greece?

A

Socrates, Plato & Aristotle

23
Q

What were some Hellenistic philosophies and what did they address?

A

Epicureans, skeptics, stoics; they addressed personal needs searching for personal tranquility and serenity