Chapter 10-Mediterranean Society- The Greek Phase Flashcards
Describe Minoan society.
- Linear A (script) formed
- 2200 BCE traveling on adv. ships which were used for trading & exchanging items (exchanged wine, olive oil & wool)
- lavish palaces served as storehouses where officials collected taxes
City-states called _______ form in the 9 century BCE
Polis
Why did Minoan society decline?
After 1700 BCE they experienced natural disasters—> replacing destroyed buildings w/ ones that had indoor plumbing & drainage systems —> attracted invaders —> foreign domination —> fall
Describe Mycenaean society.
-created Linear B from Linear A
-
Why did it become hard to keep stable gov’ts or agri. societies?
Bc of invasions & civil disturbances
Describe the fall of Mycenaean society.
Palaces fell to ruins –> population decrease & people fleeding
Why were polis so important?
They:
- extended authority over surrounding regions
- levied taxes on hinterlands & appropriated portion of agri. surplus to support urban population
Name examples of important poleis.
Sparta & Athens
Describe Sparta
- intro. of helots (servants of the spartan state; role= provide agri. labor & supply Sparta with food)
- devoted resources to be pwrfl mili. machine
- egalitarian
Describe Athens.
- est’d govt based on democratic principles
- citizenship open to all residents
- only free adult males played role in public affairs
- 6 cent. BCE ppl unhappy with social structure
What the Athenian democracy like?
- under leadership of Pericles
- became democratic bc of reforms
Around 800 BCE poleis emerge as ________ in Greece .
Centers of political organization.
When and where were he first Greek colonies est’d? Describe these colonies.
In central Mediterranean during the early 8th century BCE;
- didn’t build a centralized imperial state
- relied on their own resources & charted their own courses
What were the effects of Greek colonization?
- sponsored more communication, interaction & exchange
- Greek language & cultural tradtions spread ~ Mediterranean
What was the Persian wars?
It was a revolt against Persian rule & it expelled the Achaemenid administrators which took
place in 500 BCE
After the Persian wars, the _________ formed. Why was this created, what was its purpose?
The Delian League; it’s purpose was to discourage Persian acts in Greece.
What is the Peloponnesian War?
It was the war that broke out between Sparta & Athens that took place from 431-404 BCE
The kingdom of Macedonia’s population consisted of?
Cultivators & shepards who migrated seasonallly.
What happened in Macedonia under the reign of King Philip II?
- built pwrfl mili. machine
- mili. consisted of infantry & calvary
After assassination of king Phillip the power fell to his son ________. What happened under the reign of the new ruler?
Alexander of Macedon (aka Alex the Great) under his reign:
- he took over many places in preparation to invade Persia
- couldn’t conquer Persia bc troops didn’t wanna go far from home
What were the Hellenistic empires?
The Antigonid empire, the Ptolemaic empire, the Seleucid empire
What was family & society like in Greece?
- patriarchal
- chattel slavery
What were the 3 philosophers in classical Greece?
Socrates, Plato & Aristotle
What were some Hellenistic philosophies and what did they address?
Epicureans, skeptics, stoics; they addressed personal needs searching for personal tranquility and serenity
