Chapter 10 ( Immunization )

Question 1

Exaples for natural passive immunity ?

Answer 1

Placental IgG transport

Colostrum

Question 2

Examples for artificial passive immunity ?

Answer 2

1- Horse antivenin against black widow spider bite , snake bite
2- Horse antitoxin against botulism , diphtheria
3- Pooled human immunoglobulin versus hepatitis A and B , measles , rabies , varicella zoster , tetanus
4- Humanized monoclonal antibodies versus RSV

Question 3

Examples for artificial active immunity ?

Answer 3

1- hepatitis B component vaccine 
2- DTP toxoid vaccine 
3- haemophilus capslar vaccine 
4- polio live or inactivated vaccine 
5- measles , mumps , rubella attenuated vaccine 
6- varicella attenuated vaccine

Question 4

Risks of passive immunotherapy ?

Answer 4

1- systemic anaphylaxis : due to generation of IgE antibodies when antibodies from other species are given
2- type lll hypersensitivity : when antibodies from other species is introduced , IgG or IgM anti-isotype antibodies are generated which form complement activating immune complexes
3- introduction of antibodies from humans can elicit responses against minor immunoglobulin polymorphisms or allotypes

Question 5

Examples for live attenuated viral vaccines ?

Answer 5

Measles , mumps , rubella MMR
Varicella zoster
Rotavirus
Influenza

Others that present in the US but recommended only under special circumstances :
Polio Sabin
Smallpox
Yellow fever

Question 6

Example for live non-attenuated vaccine ?

Answer 6

Adenovirus type 4 and 7

Question 7

Examples for killed vaccines ?

Answer 7

Rabies
Influenza
Polio Salk
Hepatitis A

Question 8

Example for toxoid vaccine ?

Answer 8

DTaP

Question 9

Why the polysaccharide vaccines are only capable of producing IgM ?

Answer 9

Because of the inability of polysaccharide to activate Th cells which require protein to be activated

Question 10

Example for polysaccharide vaccine ?

Answer 10

Streptococcus pneumonia PPSV23

Question 11

Indications for the usage of PPSV23 ?

Answer 11

Adults > 65 years
Splenectomy
COPD

Question 12

Examples for conjugate vaccines ?

Answer 12

Haemophilus influenza type B
Streptococcal pneumoniae PCV13
Neisseria meningitidis

Question 13

Indication for the use of PCV13 ?

Answer 13

Infants

Question 14

Component vaccines are comprised of ?

Answer 14

An immunodominant protein from the virus that is grown in yeast cells

Question 15

Examples for component vaccines ?

Answer 15

HBV ( hepatitis B surface antigen )

HPV ( quadrivalent and 9-valent vaccine )