Chapter 10- equilibrium Flashcards
K
Equilibrium constant given by equilibrium expression
Equilibrium expression
(Concentration of products multiplied together)/(consent ration of reactants multiplied together)
Kc
Consent ration in molarity units (mol/L)
Kp
Used when partial pressures of gases represent the amounts of products and reactants
Ksp
Used for the solubility of a product
Ka
Acid ionization constant
Kb
Base ionization constant
Kf
Formation constant of complexes
Kd
Dissociation constant in complex action reactions
What types of molecules are included in an equilibrium expression
Gasses and aqueous solutions
Kc’
The inverse of Kc
1/Kc
K overall
K1 X K2
How is K overall found
By adding the first and second chemical reactions and writing the equilibrium constant for the new equation
A very small K value indicates
Very little product formation and almost no visible reaction at equilibrium
A large value indicates…
The amount of products present at equilibrium is much greater than that of the reactants
K=1 indicates that
The equilibrium mixture contains approximately equal amounts of reactants and products
Spontaneous reaction
Products are formed when reactants are mixed without additional assistance
In a spontaneous reaction the equilibrium constant is generally
Greater than 1
In a non spontaneous reaction the equilibrium constant is generally
Less than 1
Q
Reaction quotient
Reaction quotient is defined as
The number obtained by entering all of the required concentrations into the equilibrium expression and calculations the result
Q is equal to
The numerical value of Kc when a reaction is not at equilibrium
If Q does not change with time then
The reaction is in a state of equilibrium and Q=Kc
If Q=Kc then
The reaction is at a state of equilibrium
If Q<Kc
The reaction will move in the forward direction (to the right) to reach equilibrium
If Q>Kc then
The reaction moves in the reverse direction (to the left) to reach equilibrium
