Chapter 10: Emotional Development

Question 1

Differential/Discrete emotions theory

Answer 1

Emotions are innate and different from each other early in life. There is variance based on social environment

Question 2

Primary emotions present at birth

Answer 2

Disgust, fear, anger, shame, sadness, guilt, happiness; each has a connected goal and action

Question 3

Happiness

Answer 3

Social smiles at 6 weeks, laughter at 3 months, responsive smiles at 4 months

Question 4

Anger/sadness

Answer 4

Response to frustration. Occurs around 4-8 months

Question 5

Fear

Answer 5

fear of strangers around 9-14 months Fear of unexpected sounds/surprises around 12 months

Question 6

Pride or shame

Answer 6

Self awareness and embarrassment develops around 18 months

Question 7

Social referencing

Answer 7

Using parents reactions to deal with novel or ambiguous situations. Key to learning emotions and observing them in others. Occurs around 12 months

Question 8

Differentiation of emotion

Answer 8

Occurs around 3 months of age, labelling the emotions occurs by 2 years old (possibly due to the vocab explosion)

Question 9

Real and false emotions

Answer 9

Understood at 3 years old, but produced around 5. Builds alongside development and understanding of display rules

Question 10

Display rules

Answer 10

Informal norms about emotional displays by different groups

Question 11

Emotional regulation