Chapter 10 - Drug Administration

Question 1

why should enteric coated or extended release tablets be swallowed whole

Answer 1

to maintain a therapeutic drug level since they are designed to be absorbed in the small intestine. If caused , an initial excessive release of the drug may occur, causing toxicity

Question 2

How do you measure liquid medications accurately

Answer 2

line up the bottom of the curve of the medication with the desire line on the syringe.

Question 3

liquids in which particles are mixed bu not dissolved

Answer 3

suspensions

Question 4

do elixirs require shaking?

Answer 4

no. shaking may suspend air into the liquid and affect accurate dosing by volume

Question 5

what medication provide more consistent blood lvels

Answer 5

transdermal patches, allot they can still produce side effects an toxicity

Question 6

What are spacers used for

Answer 6

enhance the delivery of medication to the lower, smaller airways

Question 7

what do you do you ensure that the medication reached the stomach, to maintain potency of the tubing

Answer 7

flushing

Question 8

how long do patients remain on their side after insertion of suppositories

Answer 8

at least 5 minutes

Question 9

what side to patients lie on when giving suppositories

Answer 9

left side

Question 10

What size gauge and needles and angle for intradermal injections?

Answer 10

25-27 inch gauge and 1/4-1/2 needle and 10-15 degree angle

Question 11

What does the nurse measure after intradermal injection testing for TB

Answer 11

induration, not erythema

Question 12

should patients giving subcutaneous medication be aught to aspirate after inserting the needle?

Answer 12

no

Question 13

what angle do you insert for subcutaneous injection

Answer 13

45-90 degree

Question 14

what muscle is preferred injection site for toddlers who have gluteal muscle development associated with firmly established walking

Answer 14

ventrogluteal muscle

Question 15

the Z track method is used o prevent _______ of the skin

Answer 15

staining

Question 16

Which muscle is preferred for Z track method

Answer 16

ventrogluteal

Question 17

Needle for subcutaneous injections

Answer 17

25-27 gauge, 3/8-5/8 inch long. The shorter 3/8 inch should be inserted at 90 degree angle, and the longer 5/8 in needle is inserted at a 45 degree angle

Question 18

Needle for IM injection

Answer 18

18-25 gauge, 5/8-1 1/2 inches long. 90 degree angle

Question 19

Sites for IM injection

Answer 19

NOT DORSOGLUETEAL. Ventrogluteal is preferred. Deltoid can be used for small medication volumes (0.5-1m:) and when other sites are inaccessible. Not preferred for children or infants with underdeveloped muscles. Vests laterals is frequently used for infants under 12 months, older children, and toddlers receiving immunizations. If long needle is used, insert it with caution to avoid sciatic nerve or femoral structures.

Question 20

Sites for intradermal injections

Answer 20

Ventral mid forearm, clavicular area of the chest, scapular area of the back

Question 21

Common sites of subcutaneous injections

Answer 21

Adequate fat pad size. Upper outer aspect of the arms, abdomen at least 2 inches from the umbilicus, and the anterior thighs

Question 22

Sites of IV

Answer 22

Accessible peripheral veins are preferred. Cephalic or cubital vein of the arm, dorsal vein of the hand. In newborn, the veins of the feet, lower legs, and head may also be used after other sites have been exhausted