Chapter 10 Dose Limits For Exposure To Ionizing Radiation

Question 1

Are based on calculations of the various risks of cancer and genetic effects to tissues or organs exposed to radiation and has been incorporated into the the title 10 of the code of federal registration.

Answer 1

Effective dose limiting system

Question 2

The concept of radiation exposure and of the associated risk of ________________ is the basis of effective dose limiting system.

Answer 2

Radiation induced malignancy

Question 3

Are the four major organizations responsible for evaluating the relationship between radiation EqD and induced biologic effects?

Answer 3

1. International commission on radiation protection (ICRP)
2. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)
3. United Nations scientific committee on the effects of atomic radiation (UNSCEAR)
4. National Academy of science/National research council committee on the biologic effects of ionizing radiation (NAS/NRC BEIR)

Question 4

Is considered the international authority in the safe use of sources of ionizing radiation.

Answer 4

International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP)

Question 5

Has been the leading international organization responsible for providing clear and consistent radiation protection guidance through its recommendations for occupational dose limits and public dose limits.

Answer 5

ICRP

Question 6

Reviews the recommendations formulated by the ICRP.

Answer 6

National council on radiation protection and measurements (NCRP)

Question 7

NCRP determines how ______ recommendations are incorporated into US radiation protection criteria.

Answer 7

ICRP

Question 8

The NCRP is not an _____________ the enactment of its recommendations lies with federal and state agencies that have the power to enforce such standards after they have been established.

Answer 8

Enforcement agency

Question 9

Is another group that plays a prominent role in the formulation of radiation protection guidelines by evaluating human and environmental ionizing radiation exposures from a variety of sources.

Answer 9

UNSCEAR

Question 10

UNSCEAR evaluates ionizing radiation exposure from sources including

Answer 10

Radioactive materials
Radiation protection machines
Radiation accidents

Question 11

UNSCEAR uses __________ data ( information from follow up studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors) data acquired from the radiation effects research foundation.

Answer 11

Epidemiologic

Question 12

Advisory group that reviews studies of biologic effects of ionizing radiation and risk assessment?

Answer 12

NAS/NRC-BEIR

Question 13

BEIR V supersedes four earlier BEIR reports that listed studies of biologic effects and the associated risk of groups of people who were either routinely or accidentally exposed to ionizing radiation. Such groups include:

Answer 13

Early radiation workers
Atomic bomb victims of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
evacuees from Chernobyl nuclear power station disaster

Question 14

EfD limits and EqD limits are made by the ______ _______ _______ _________?

Answer 14

ICRP
NCRP
UNSCEAR
NAS/NRC-BEIR

Question 15

Are charged with the responsibility of enforcing standards after they have been established?

Answer 15

National and state agencies

Question 16

After radiation protection standards have been determined, responsible agencies must enforce them for the protection of the general public, patients, and occupationally exposed personnel…. Regulatory agencies include the following: 1-5?

Answer 16

1. Nuclear commission (NRC)
2. Agreement states
3. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
4. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
5. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Question 17

Formerly known as the atomic energy commission, is a federal agency that has the authority to control the possession, use, and production of atomic energy in the interest of national security?

Answer 17

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

Question 18

Agency also has the power to enforce radiation protection standards but does not regulate or inspect X-ray imaging facilities. Primary function is to oversee the nuclear energy industry.

Answer 18

NRC

Question 19

The primary function of the NRC is to oversee the nuclear industry, this agency supervises the:

Answer 19

Design and working mechanics of nuclear power stations

Production of nuclear fuel

Handling of expended fuel

Supervision of hazardous radioactive waste material

Question 20

NRC controls the manufacture and use of radioactive isotopes formed in nuclear reactors and used in:

Answer 20

Research
Industry
Nuclear medicine imaging procedures
Therapeutic treatments

Question 21

What is NARM?

Answer 21

Naturally occurring and or accelerator produced materials

Question 22

Two common examples of cyclotron produces radioisotopes are:

Answer 22

Thallium 201 (used in nuclear medicine for heart stress tests)

Palladium 103 (used for therapeutic prostate seed implants)

Question 23

Was created to bring several departments under one organization that would be responsible for protecting the health of humans and for safeguarding the natural environment from industrial practices and harmful waste disposal?

Answer 23

Environmental protection agency (EPA)

Question 24

EPA facilitates the development and enforcement of regulations pertaining to the control of radiation in the environment specifically it: ?

Answer 24

Directs relevant federal agencies

Oversees the general area of environmental monitoring

Has oversight authority for specific areas such as determining action level of radon

Question 25

Conducts ongoing product radiation control program, regulating the design and manufacturing of electronic products, including diagnostic X-ray equipment?

Answer 25

FDA