Chapter 10 - Development Processes

Question 0

Business Analyst

Answer 0

Well versed in Porter’s models, in the organization’s strategies, and who focuses, primarily, on ensuring that business processes and information systems meet the organization’s competitive strategies.

Question 1

Application

Answer 1

A combination of hardware, software, and data components that accomplishes a set of requirements.

Question 2

Systems Analyst

Answer 2

IS professionals who understand both business and information technology. Focus primarily on IS development, but are involved with business analysts on the management of business processes as well.

Question 3

Business Process

Answer 3

A network of activities, repositories, roles, resources, and flows that interact to accomplish a business function.

Question 4

Roles

Answer 4

Collections of activities.

Question 5

Resources

Answer 5

People or computer applications that are assigned to roles.

Question 6

Flows

Answer 6

Are either a control flow that directs the order of activities or a data flow that shows the movement of data among activities and repositories.

Question 7

Business Process Management (BPM)

Answer 7

A cyclical process for systematically creating, assessing, and altering business processes.

Question 8

As-is Model

Answer 8

A model of the existing business process.

Question 9

COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and related Technology)

Answer 9

Created by the Information Systems Audit and Control Association. A set of standards that are often used in the assessment stage of the BPM cycle.

Question 10

Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN)

Answer 10

Created by the Object Management Group. A standard set of terms and graphical notations for documenting business processes.

Question 11

Swim-lane Layout

Answer 11

Each role in the business process is given its own swim lane. Simplifies process diagrams and draws attention to interactions among components.

Question 12

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Answer 12

The traditional process used to develop information systems and applications. U.S. DOD required it for government contractors.

Question 13

Five-phase process of SDLC

Answer 13

1. Define System
2. Determine Requirements
3. Design System Components
4. Implement System
5. Maintain System

Question 14

System Definition Phase

Answer 14

• Define system goals and scope
• Assess feasibility
• Form project team and plan project

Question 15

Four Types of Feasibility

Answer 15

• Cost feasibility
• Schedule feasibility
• Technical feasibility
• Organizational feasibility

Question 16

Test Plan

Answer 16

Formal description of the system’s response to use and misuse scenarios.

Question 17

Fours Types of System Conversion

Answer 17

• Pilot installation
• Phased installation
• Parallel installation
• Plunge installation

Question 18

Pilot Installation

Answer 18

Implements the entire system on a limited portion of the business.

Question 19

Phased Installation

Answer 19

New system is installed in phases. One a piece is tested another is installed until the entire system is functioning.

Question 20

Parallel Installation

Answer 20

The new system runs parallel with the old system until the new system is tested and fully functional.

Question 21

Plunge Installation

Answer 21

Sometimes called Direct Installation. Shuts off old system and starts the new one. Should be avoided.

Question 22

Maintenance

Answer 22

Fix the system so that it works correctly or to adapt it to changes in requirements.

Question 23

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

Answer 23

A hierarchy of the tasks required to complete a project.

Question 24

Gantt Chart

Answer 24

Shows tasks, dates, and dependencies.

Question 25

Critical Path

Answer 25

The sequence of activities that determine the earliest date by which the project can be completed.

Question 26

Critical Path Analysis

Answer 26

The process by which project managers compress the schedule by moving resources, typically people, from noncritical path tasks onto critical path tasks.

Question 27

Trade-off

Answer 27

A balancing if three critical factors: requirements, cost, and time.

Question 28

Diseconomies of Scale

Answer 28

The situation that occurs when adding more resources creates inefficiencies.

Question 29

Brook’s Law

Answer 29

Adding more people to a late project makes it later. Team members are taken off productive tasks to train new team members.

Question 30

Principles of Agile Development

Answer 30

• Expect, even welcome, changes in requirements
• Frequently deliver working version of the product
• Work closely with customer, for the duration
• Design as you go
• Test as you go
• Team knows best how it’s going / how to change
• Can be used for business processes, information systems, and applications development