Chapter 10 - Australian and International Aid Agencies Flashcards
Aid:
Assistance given to countries or communities in the event of a crisis or for the development of long-term, sustainable improvements.
Affiliation:
Partnership between two or more parties.
Bilateral aid:
The provision of aid from the government of one country to the government of another country.
Chronic disease:
A persistent and lasting medical condition.
Emergency aid:
Rapid assistance given to people or countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering during and after human-made emergencies such as wars and natural disasters such as floods, tsunamis or earthquakes. Emergency aid can also be called ‘humanitarian aid’.
Emerging disease:
A disease that has appeared in a population for the first time, or that may have existed previously but is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range.
Epidemic:
When the rate of disease significantly exceeds what is expected based on recent trends.
Essential medicines:
Those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population; they should therefore be available at all times in adequate amounts and in appropriate dosage forms, at a price the community can afford.
Global health:
The health of populations in a worldwide context that goes beyond the perspectives and concerns of individual countries. Global health is about an international collaborative approach to achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
Gross National Product (GNP):
The total value of all goods and services a country produces.
Humanitarian assistance:
Aid that is provided to save lives, reduce suffering and maintain human dignity.
International Health Regulations:
Legally binding health regulations that provide countries with a set of rules they can follow in the event of a disease outbreak.
Landlessness:
Not having ownership of land.
Marginalised:
Social process of being confined to a lower social standing, resulting in a lack of resources such as food and shelter.
Micro-banking:
Depositing of small sums of money into a financial institution for the purpose of saving funds.
Microfinance:
Small, low-cost financial services for poor people that involve low-interest loans to develop small businesses.
Multilateral aid:
Aid that is provided by governments of countries and is distributed by a governing body such as the United Nations.
Non-government organisations (NGOs):
Legally constituted organisations without participation or representation of any government.
Non-government organisation aid:
NGOs take different approaches to aid, which include specific projects or programs, emergency aid, volunteering, education and development. The aid provided by NGOs often focuses on communities.
Official development assistance (ODA):
Financial assistance provided by donor government agencies to developing countries or to multilateral aid agencies. Also known as aid.
Sanction:
A penalty designed to encourage compliance with a law or rule.
Transnational:
Involving several nations.
United Nations member state:
A country or region that has a governing body that enforces laws and has responsibility for a population.
